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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

India and Asian Development Bank  Ink $126.4 Million Loan Deal to Boost Sustainable Tourism in Uttarakhand

• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Government of India (GoI) signed a $126.42 million loan agreement to promote rural development through sustainable and climate-resilient tourism in the Tehri Lake region, Uttarakhand.
• The project is named Sustainable, Inclusive, and Climate-Resilient Tourism Development at Tehri Lake Area Project.
• The signatories of the agreement were Juhi Mukherjee (Joint Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, India) and Mr. Kai Wei Yeo (Officer-in-Charge, India Resident Mission, ADB).
• The ADB loan supports the Government of Uttarakhand’s policy to make the state a diversified, all-weather tourism destination, with Tehri Lake as a priority area for development.
• The project targets the Tehri Garhwal District, one of Uttarakhand’s most climate-vulnerable and economically disadvantaged regions.
• It aims to benefit over 87,000 residents and 2.7 million annual visitors through improved tourism planning, upgraded infrastructure, enhanced sanitation and waste management, and disaster preparedness.
• Notable features:
  • Livelihood matching grant program to support tourism led by women, youth, and MSMEs.
  • Universal access design, including facilities for persons with disability.
  • Women-led disaster risk management initiative in pilot villages.

About Asian Development Bank (ADB):

• Headquarters: Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines
• Founded: 1966
• President: Masato Kanda
• Members: 69

Jio Financial Services Limited  and Germany’s Allianz form 50:50 joint venture Allianz Jio Reinsurance Limited to enter India’s reinsurance sector

• Jio Financial Services Limited (JFSL) and Allianz (Germany) have formed a 50:50 joint venture (JV) named Allianz Jio Reinsurance Limited (AJRL) to operate in the reinsurance sector in India.
• The JV received its Certificate of Incorporation on September 8, 2025, after approval from IRDAI (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India).
• The JV has an initial investment of ₹2.50 lakh, with each partner subscribing to 25,000 equity shares of ₹10
• AJRL will leverage Allianz Re and Allianz Commercial portfolios in India, supported by the global pricing, risk selection, and portfolio management expertise of Allianz.
• Allianz Re has been reinsuring risks in India for over 25 years, providing a strong foundation for the new venture.

Securities and Exchange Board of India Eases Employee Stock Options Rules for Startup Founders in Initial Public Offering Process

• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced a major relaxation for startup founders preparing for Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).
• Promoters are now allowed to retain Employee Stock Options (ESOPs), Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs), or other share-based benefits, if they were granted at least one year before filing draft IPO papers.
• Under the revised guidelines, promoters can continue holding ESOPs and similar benefits issued ≥1 year before draft IPO filing.
• Earlier rule: Promoters were barred from holding or being granted such benefits.

About SEBI :

• Established : 12 April 1988 as an executive body and was given statutory powers on 30 January 1992 through the SEBI Act, 1992
• Headquarters : Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Chairman : Tuhin Kanta Pandey
• SEBI is the regulatory body for securities and commodity markets in India under the ownership of the Ministry of Finance (MoF), GoI.

Securities and Exchange Board of India Introduces Special Measures for Voluntary Delisting of Public Sector Undertakings with Government Holding ≥90%

• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced special measures for voluntary delisting of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) where the government holds ≥90% stake, aiming to streamline the exit process.
• The measures relax the two-thirds public shareholder approval requirement and allow delisting at a fixed price, at least 15% above the floor price, regardless of trading frequency.
• The rules apply to PSUs excluding banks, NBFCs, and insurance companies, where the state ownership is ≥90%.
• Under previous delisting rules, a PSU could be delisted only if promoter shareholding reached 90%.
• For PSUs delisted under these special provisions, if they undergo voluntary strike-off within 30 days after one year, the unpaid dues of public shareholders (who did not tender shares) will be transferred to a designated stock exchange account.
• The stock exchange will hold these funds for 7 years, allowing investors to claim dues anytime during this period.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

India’s First Overseas Atal Innovation Centre Launched in UAE

• Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan inaugurated India’s first overseas Atal Innovation Centre (AIC) at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi–Abu Dhabi campus during his official visit to the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Key Highlights

• The centre has been established under the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) to expand India’s innovation ecosystem globally and foster collaboration in research, entrepreneurship, and knowledge exchange.

• Academic Programs Launched: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Energy and Sustainability, Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) in Chemical Engineering
• Partner Authority: Abu Dhabi Department of Education and Knowledge (ADEK)
• Expansion of Indian curriculum-based schools in UAE, establishment of Atal Innovation Labs, student and teacher exchange programs, mutual recognition of qualifications, and alignment with National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
• Marks the first overseas Atal Innovation Centre, extending AIM beyond India and strengthening India–UAE educational and innovation ties

Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs Approves Construction of 4-Lane Greenfield Mokama–Munger Section of Buxar–Bhagalpur High-Speed Corridor in Bihar

• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has approved the construction of a 4-lane greenfield access-controlled Mokama–Munger section of the Buxar–Bhagalpur High-Speed Corridor in Bihar on Hybrid Annuity Mode (HAM).
• The project covers a total length of 40 km with a capital cost of ₹4447.38 crore.

Key Highlights

• The section will connect key regional cities like Mokama, Barahiya, Lakhisarai, Jamalpur, Munger, and Bhagalpur.
• The Munger–Jamalpur–Bhagalpur belt is emerging as an industrial hub, with projects such as:
  • Ordnance factory corridor (existing gun factory + another proposed by Ministry of Defence).
  • Locomotive workshop in Jamalpur.
  • Food processing hub (e.g., ITC in Munger) and agro-warehousing/logistics hubs.
  • Bhagalpur as a textile and logistics hub led by Bhagalpuri silk.
  • Barahiya developing in food packaging, processing, and warehousing.
• The 4-lane corridor will allow average speeds of 80 km/h (design speed 100 km/h) reducing travel time to 1.5 hours.
• The project will generate 14.83 lakh man-days of direct employment and 18.46 lakh man-days of indirect employment, with further opportunities from increased regional economic activity.
• It will provide safer, faster, and uninterrupted connectivity for both passenger and freight traffic.

Ministry of Tribal Affairs Launched Beta Version of Adi Sanskriti

• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the Beta Version of Adi Sanskriti, a digital learning platform for tribal artforms, during the National Conference on Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
• The platform was launched by Minister of State for Tribal Affairs Shri Durgadas Uikey.
• It aims at preserving tribal heritage, enabling livelihoods, and connecting tribal communities with the world.
• Adi Sanskriti is envisioned as the world’s first Digital University to preserve and promote tribal culture and traditional knowledge, along with acting as an online marketplace for products made by tribal artisans.

Key Highlights

• Adi Sanskriti integrates Adi Vishwavidyalaya, Adi Sampada, and Adi Haat.
• Adi Vishwavidyalaya (Digital Tribal Art Academy): Offers 45 immersive courses on tribal dance, painting, crafts, music, and folklore.
• Adi Sampada (Socio-Cultural Repository): Contains over 5,000 curated documents across five themes – paintings, dance, clothing and textiles, artefacts, and livelihood.
• Adi Haat (Online Marketplace): Linked with Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED), and will evolve into a dedicated marketplace for tribal artisans.
• Built with participation of State Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs). TRIs from Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh contributed to documentation and digital mapping of tribal artforms.
• The initiative integrates preservation, education, and economic empowerment, making it a milestone project to safeguard and celebrate tribal heritage while empowering communities in the digital knowledge economy.

Union Home Minister Shri Amit Shah Inaugurates and Lays Foundation Stones for Development Projects Worth ₹66 Crore in Sanand, Gujarat

• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah  inaugurated and laid foundation stones for 29 projects and initiated 23 new projects worth approximately ₹66 crore in Sanand Assembly constituency, Gujarat via video conferencing from New Delhi.
• He highlighted that under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, India’s constitutional posts now represent geographical unity—President Smt. Droupadi Murmu (East), Vice-President Shri C.P. Radhakrishnan (South), and Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi (West and North).

Key Highlights

• For decades, 111 villages in Sanand lacked irrigation and drinking water, but the first phase worth ₹750 crore is nearly complete, and a second phase worth ₹1,000 crore has been initiated.
• Projects worth ₹150 crore through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are planned in Sanand Assembly constituency.
• Aim to provide all basic amenities in 1.5–2 years at a cost of ₹150 crore.
• Shri Amit Shah urged people to join Prime Minister’s “Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam” campaign and plant trees; Gandhinagar Lok Sabha constituency holds the record for highest tree plantation in Gujarat under the Green Gandhinagar Project.
• During SEMICON India 2025, Prime Minister unveiled India’s first fully developed 32-bit processor chip ‘Vikram-32’. Chip manufacturing by Micron Technology will begin in Sanand.
• The inaugurated and new projects include afforestation, road construction, rural road schemes, village roads, and school development.

Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs Approves Doubling of Bhagalpur–Dumka–Rampurhat Railway Line

• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved the doubling of Bhagalpur–Dumka–Rampurhat railway line (177 km) in Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
• Total cost: Rs. 3,169 crore (approx.)
• The project will increase line capacity, reduce congestion, and improve mobility, efficiency, and reliability of Indian Railways.
• Planned under the PM-Gati Shakti National Master Plan to enhance multi-modal connectivity and logistics efficiency.
• Project will expand the Indian Railways network by 177 km, covering five districts in three states.
• Will provide connectivity to important pilgrimage and tourist sites like Deoghar (Baba Baidyanath Dham) and Tarapith (Shakti Peeth).
• Benefits about 441 villages, a population of 28.72 lakh, and three Aspirational Districts – Banka, Godda, and Dumka.
• Supports transportation of coal, cement, fertilizers, bricks, and stones, adding 15 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) of freight capacity.
• Will save 5 crore litres of oil, cut 24 crore kg of CO2 emissions, equivalent to planting 1 crore trees.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar Represents Prime Minister Modi at Virtual BRICS Leaders’ Meeting Hosted by Brazil’s President Lula da Silva

• External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar represented Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the virtual BRICS Leaders’ Meeting on September 8, 2025, convened by Brazilian President Lula da Silva.
• The meeting focused on tariffs imposed by the U.S., particularly the 50% tariffs on Indian and Brazilian exports.
• India at the BRICS Summit 2025 called for fair and transparent economic practices, opposing the linkage of trade measures with non-trade issues.
• The tariffs were reportedly linked to oil trade with Russia, raising concerns for India and Brazil.
• BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), with its expanded membership, now represents over 42% of the world’s population and about 40% of global GDP, making it a significant global economic grouping.

India’s Seafood Exports Strengthened as European Union Approves 102 Additional Fishery Units

• The European Union (EU) has approved 102 additional marine product units from India for exports, making a total of 604 Indian units eligible for EU supply.
• This move is expected to boost India’s seafood exports to the EU by about 20%, as the EU is the second-largest seafood export destination for India.
• In 2023-24, India’s seafood exports to the EU stood at $1.1 billion.
• The development will help diversify India’s shrimp exports, which face a 50% tariff imposed by the US.
• In 2024-25, India’s shrimp exports were $4.88 billion, accounting for 66% of total seafood exports.
• The EU’s approval reflects confidence in India’s food safety and quality assurance systems.
• The newly listed units will boost exports of aquaculture shrimps and Cephalopods (Squid, Cuttlefish, and Octopus) to EU markets.
• This development will provide greater opportunities for exporters across Indian coastal states and UTs to strengthen trade relationships with the EU.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

National Democratic Alliance Candidate C.P. Radhakrishnan Elected Vice President of India, Defeats INDIA Bloc’s Justice B. Sudershan Reddy

• National Democratic Alliance (NDA) nominee C.P. Radhakrishnan has been elected as the Vice President of India, defeating INDIA bloc candidate Justice B. Sudershan Reddy.
• P. Radhakrishnan is the 15th individual to hold the office but is officially counted as the 17th Vice President of India.
• In the election, Radhakrishnan secured 452 first preference votes, while Justice Reddy received 300 votes, and 15 votes were declared invalid.
• The election turnout was 98.20%, with 767 MPs voting out of 781, while 13 MPs abstained (7 from BJD, 4 from BRS, 1 from SAD, and 1 Independent MP).
• The Vice President’s office was vacant since July 21, 2025, after the resignation of Jagdeep Dhankhar due to health reasons.
• P. Radhakrishnan was born on October 20, 1957, in Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu, and served as the Governor of Maharashtra since July 2024 before becoming Vice President.
• He has earlier served as the Governor of Jharkhand and also held additional charge of Telangana and Puducherry.

Note :

• Article 63 of the Indian Constitution mandates the office of the Vice President as the second-highest constitutional authority in India.
• To be eligible for the Vice President’s office, a person must be an Indian citizen, at least 35 years old, qualified for election to the Rajya Sabha, and must not hold any office of profit under Union, State, or local authorities (exceptions: Vice President, Governor, Union/State Minister).
• The Vice President of India holds office for 5 years and continues until the successor assumes charge.

Norway’s Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere Wins Second Consecutive Term

• In the parliamentary election held on September 8, 2025, Norway’s Labour Party, led by Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere, won a second consecutive term, securing a narrow majority with 87 seats, just above the majority threshold of 85.
• Despite the win, the Labour Party faces a fragmented parliament and will rely on a coalition of five left-leaning parties to pass major legislation.
• Key challenges for Prime Minister Stoere include oil and gas investments, climate policy, taxation, and foreign investment regulations.
• Norway’s sovereign wealth fund, valued at over $2 trillion, may face pressure to divest from Israeli companies due to the Gaza conflict.
• The right-wing Progress Party, led by Sylvi Listhaug, made a historic surge, winning 48 seats, more than double its previous tally, marking its best-ever performance.

About Norway :

• Capital: Oslo
• Currency: Norwegian Krone

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Army’s Indigenous Mobile Platform SAMBHAV Crucial in Operation Sindoor

• The Indian Army‘s indigenous secure mobile ecosystem, SAMBHAV (Secure Army Mobile Bharat Version), played a critical role during Operation Sindoor.

Key Highlights :

• SAMBHAV was developed under the Make in India initiative for secure communication and coordination in high-profile missions.
• Army Chief General Upendra Dwivedi highlighted the importance of indigenously developed systems in modern warfare at the 52nd National Management Convention by AIMA.
• During Operation Sindoor, the Army relied on SAMBHAV for command-level communication, instead of commercial apps like WhatsApp.
• The operation was described as a whole-of-nation approach, involving soldiers, commanders, scientists, and policymakers in a pre-emptive and strategic
• SAMBHAV, launched in 2023, is India’s first fully indigenous secure mobile communication platform, designed to function independently of network vulnerabilities.
• The system supports real-time connectivity on the move, runs on 5G-enabled devices, and includes advanced multi-tier encryption.
• It features proprietary military apps like M-Sigma, an encrypted alternative to WhatsApp, allowing secure transmission of files, images, and videos.
• SAMBHAV eliminates surveillance risks by offering a network-agnostic, fully encrypted ecosystem, developed in partnership with academic institutions and domestic tech firms.
• As of early 2024, approximately 30,000 SAMBHAV-enabled devices have been distributed to Indian Army officers.
• The system was also used during military-level discussions with China in October 2024.

Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh virtually launches ‘Samudra Pradakshina’, world’s first Tri-service all-women circumnavigation sailing expedition from Mumbai

• Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh virtually flagged off the historic Tri-service all-women circumnavigation sailing expedition Samudra Pradakshina on September 11, 2025, from the Gateway of India, Mumbai.

Key Highlights :

• Samudra Pradakshina is the first-ever all-women circumnavigation in the world, symbolizing Nari Shakti, jointness of three Services, Aatmanirbhar Bharat, and military diplomacy.
• The expedition will last nine months, covering approximately 26,000 nautical miles, crossing the Equator twice and rounding the three great Capes – Leeuwin, Horn, & Good Hope.
• The team will sail onboard the indigenously-built Indian Army Sailing Vessel (IASV) Triveni, visiting four international ports: Fremantle (Australia), Lyttelton (New Zealand), Port Stanley (Canada), and Cape Town (South Africa), and returning to Mumbai in May 2026.
• IASV Triveni, a 50-foot yacht built in Puducherry, is an embodiment of Aatmanirbhar Bharat, reflecting India’s defence innovation and technology.
• The 10-member crew includes Lieutenant Colonel Anuja Varudkar (Expedition Leader), Squadron Leader Shraddha P Raju (Deputy Leader), and other officers from the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
• The crew has undergone three years of rigorous training, progressing from smaller offshore expeditions to IASV Triveni, including an international voyage to Seychelles.
• The expedition follows World Sailing Speed Record Council norms, requiring crossing all longitudes, Equator crossings, and completion of over 21,600 nautical miles under sail alone.
• Samudra Pradakshina is a global benchmark in maritime adventure, showcasing endurance, seamanship, and strategic diplomacy of Indian Armed Forces women officers.
• Previous notable circumnavigation achievements in India:
• Captain Dilip Donde – first solo circumnavigation (2009–10)
• Commander Abhilash Tomy – first non-stop circumnavigation (2012–13)
• Navika Sagar Parikrama I & II – Indian Navy expeditions on INSV Tarini (2017–18, 2024–25).

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Indian Space Research Organisation signs agreement with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited to transfer small satellite launch vehicle technology

• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) signed a formal agreement with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) on September 10, 2025, for the transfer of technology for the production of Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLV).
• The agreement marks the 100th technology transfer facilitated by IN-SPACe, promoting industry participation in the space sector.
• The pact was inked in Bengaluru by ISRO, NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), IN-SPACe, and HAL, which outbid a consortium led by Adani Group-backed Alpha Design Technologies.
• The technology transfer process is expected to be completed within 24 months from the signing date.
• During this period, ISRO will provide training and technical support to HAL for acquiring the know-how of SSLV.
• The collaboration will focus on the preparedness-to-flight tangent of SSLVs, guiding deep-tech collaboration in India’s space industry.
• HAL will leverage its engineering and manufacturing strength, train workforce, and build a self-reliant ecosystem to offer cost-competitive small-satellite launches
• The agreement reflects the Government of India’s vision to empower the space industry and establish India as a global hub for reliable and affordable launch services.

ISRO: India Achieves Nine World Records in Space, Aims for 8–10 More in Coming Years

• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman V. Narayanan stated that India has secured 9 major world records in space exploration and aims to achieve 8-10 more in the coming years.
• India’s notable achievements include the Chandrayaan missions, Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), and advancements in cryogenic technology.
• Mars Orbiter Mission (2014) made India the first nation to reach Mars on its maiden attempt.
• In 2017, PSLV-C37 launched 104 satellites in a single mission, setting a world record.
• Chandrayaan-2 (2019) carried the world’s best orbiter camera, while Chandrayaan-3 (2023) made India the first country to land near the lunar South Pole.
• Between 2014–2017, India set three global records in cryogenic stage development, including the fastest maiden flight of LVM3 in 28 months, compared to 37–108 months in other nations.
• ISRO’s cost-sensitive approach has reduced launch expenses and promoted space entrepreneurship.
• India has launched more than 4,000 rockets and 133 satellites, contributing to national security and economic growth.
• ISRO plans 8-10 additional world records in space technology and aims to land a human on the Moon by 2040.
• These achievements are part of India’s broader goal to become a developed nation.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

Telecommunications Consultants India Limited Signed MoU with Punjab National Bank to Strengthen IT Infrastructure

• Telecommunications Consultants India Limited (TCIL), a Government of India Enterprise under the Ministry of Communications, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Punjab National Bank (PNB), a leading public sector bank in New Delhi.
• The MoU aims to strengthen PNB’s IT infrastructure and accelerate its technology transformation journey, enabling faster, secure, and customer-centric digital banking services.
• The signing ceremony was held at TCIL Headquarters, New Delhi in the presence of Shri Sanjeev Kumar, CMD, TCIL, and Manish Agrawal, GM, PNB, along with senior executives.

Key Highlights

• TCIL will provide IT consultancy, project management, and turnkey execution of complex technology initiatives for PNB.
• Collaboration will ensure robust, secure, and regulatory-compliant solutions to strengthen PNB’s digital backbone and improve operational resilience.
• Key areas of support: Request for Proposal (RFP) lifecycle management, System Integration, IT Infrastructure Rollout, and Regulatory-Compliant Technology deployment.
• TCIL will act as Project Management Consultant (PMC) or Project Implementing Agency (PIA) as per project requirements.
• The collaboration supports the Government of India’s Digital India vision, promoting trust in technology-driven financial services and strengthening the digital banking landscape of India.

National Co-operative Exports Limited and Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Sign MoU to Boost Cooperative-Led Agricultural Exports

• National Co-operative Exports Limited (NCEL) and the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to strengthen India’s cooperative-led agricultural exports.

Key Highlights

• The MoU was signed in the presence of Dr. Ashish Kumar Bhutani, Secretary, Ministry of Cooperation.
• It highlights the synergy between the Ministry of Cooperation and the Ministry of Commerce and Industry to expand agricultural exports.
• The agreement was signed by Shri Abhishek Dev, Chairman of APEDA, and Shri Unupom Kausik, Managing Director of NCEL.
• The initiative aligns with the objectives of the National Cooperation Policy under the leadership of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and guidance of Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah.

• The partnership will enhance value realisation for farmers, strengthen rural livelihoods, and improve India’s position in international markets.
• Focus areas include:
  • Capacity building and training
  • Quality compliance for exports
  • Infrastructure support and revival
  • Participation in international trade fairs
  • International branding and market positioning
  • Market intelligence and data analytics
  • Commodity-specific export strategies
• APEDA’s export facilitation will be integrated with NCEL’s outreach network to streamline exports of fruits, vegetables, spices, processed foods, cereals, and animal products.
• The collaboration will build a resilient cooperative export ecosystem, expand India’s export portfolio, and reinforce the cooperative movement’s role in national growth.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND INDEX

Oracle Co-Founder Larry Ellison Becomes World’s Richest, Overtaking Elon Musk

• Larry Ellison, Co-Founder, Chairman and Chief Technology Officer of Oracle Corporation, has overtaken Tesla Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Elon Musk to become the world’s richest person, as per Forbes Real-Time Billionaire Rankings.
• Oracle’s stock surged by 41% in New York trading—its steepest rise since 1992—adding $101 billion to Ellison’s wealth in a single day.
• His net worth now stands at $395.7 billion, surpassing Musk, whose wealth declined due to a fall in Tesla shares.

Key Highlights

• Oracle’s Market Surge:
  • Market valuation nears $947 billion.
  • Company projects revenue growth of 12–14% in the upcoming quarter.
  • Cloud revenue expected to rise 32–36%, driven by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cloud Computing demand.
• Impact on Billionaire Rankings:
  • Ellison ended Musk’s 300-day reign as the world’s richest.
  • Musk’s fortune has been affected by a 14% fall in Tesla stock in 2025.
  • Despite Tesla’s proposed $1 trillion pay package for Musk, losses from stock dips continue.
• Larry Ellison’s Wealth Journey:
  • Co-founded Oracle in 1977, building it into the world’s largest database software supplier and second-largest business applications provider.
  • Oracle’s valuation rose 45% in 2025 even before this surge.
  • Ellison earlier surpassed Jeff Bezos and Mark Zuckerberg in June 2025 to rank second-richest globally.
  • Holds a $1 billion stake in Tesla (since 2019) and previously served on its board (2018).
• Static Facts:
  • Larry Ellison Net Worth: $395.7 billion.
  • Company: Oracle Corporation.
  • Founded: 1977.
  • Oracle Market Value: $947 billion.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

International Cricket Council Launches ‘Will to Win’ Campaign Ahead of ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025

• The International Cricket Council (ICC) unveiled its flagship ‘Will to Win’ campaign ahead of the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025, which will be hosted by India and Sri Lanka.
• The campaign film was launched along with the opening of the general ticket window and highlights the determination, sacrifice, and resilience that define women’s cricket.
• The 13th edition of the Women’s World Cup will begin on 30 September 2025 with the India vs. Sri Lanka opening match in Guwahati, and the final on 2 November 2025.

Key Highlights

• The campaign features global icons of women’s cricket:
  • India – Smriti Mandhana, Harmanpreet Kaur
  • Sri Lanka – Chamari Athapaththu
  • Australia – Ellyse Perry
  • South Africa – Marizanne Kapp
  • Bangladesh – Nigar Sultana Joty
  • New Zealand – Melie Kerr
  • England – Nat Sciver-Brunt
• The film portrays both the early struggles and present-day success of players, emphasizing the ‘will to win’ spirit.
• ICC Chairman Jay Shah stated that the campaign celebrates empowerment, perseverance, and India’s role in leading women’s cricket globally, with the World Cup returning to India after 12 years (last hosted in 2013).
• Tournament details:
  • Host Countries – India (primary), Sri Lanka (co-host)
  • Opening Match – India vs. Sri Lanka, Guwahati (30 September 2025)
  • Final Match – 2 November 2025
  • Edition – 13th ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup

CURRENT AFFAIRS: BOOKS AND AUTHOR

Anupam Kher Announces Fourth Book Different But No Less

• Veteran actor and motivational speaker Anupam Kher has announced his fourth book, Different But No Less, inspired by his real-life challenges and the making of his upcoming film Tanvi The Great.
• The announcement was made on June 2, 2025, via Instagram.
• Publisher: Penguin Random House

Key Highlights

• This is Kher’s fourth book, after:
  • The Best Thing About You Is You (2011)
  • Lessons Life Taught Me Unknowingly (2019)
  • Your Best Day Is Today (2020)
• The book is connected to his upcoming film Tanvi The Great, highlighting emotional, creative, and logistical struggles in its making.
• Focuses on self-belief, resilience, optimism, and mental strength during life’s challenges.
• Kher describes it as a guide to sailing through storms without letting others feel the turbulence.
• Aims to provide motivation for those facing personal setbacks, academic hurdles, or professional uncertainty.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

World First Aid Day 2025 – September 13

• World First Aid Day 2025 is observed on September 13 (second Saturday of September).
• The theme for this year is “First Aid and Climate Change”, emphasizing the importance of life-saving skills in climate-related emergencies like floods, heatwaves, and wildfires.
• Observed annually on the second Saturday of September, established by International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC).
• First aid ensures:
  • Saves lives in cardiac arrest, choking, severe bleeding.
  • Prevents complications in burns, fractures, allergic reactions.
  • Faster recovery & reduced severity of injuries.

History:

• Inspired by Henry Dunant after the Battle of Solferino (1859) → led to Red Cross movement.
• Term “First Aid” coined by Friedrich von Esmarch (German military surgeon).
• First observed in 2000 by IFRC, now marked worldwide through training and awareness campaigns.

Daily CA One- Liner: September 12

• Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan inaugurated India’s first overseas Atal Innovation Centre (AIC) at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi–Abu Dhabi campus during his official visit to the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has approved the construction of a 4-lane greenfield access-controlled Mokama–Munger section of the Buxar–Bhagalpur High-Speed Corridor in Bihar on Hybrid Annuity Mode
• The Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched the Beta Version of Adi Sanskriti, a digital learning platform for tribal artforms, during the National Conference on Adi Karmayogi Abhiyan at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah inaugurated and laid foundation stones for 29 projects and initiated 23 new projects worth approximately ₹66 crore in Sanand Assembly constituency, Gujarat via video conferencing from New Delhi
• The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved the doubling of Bhagalpur–Dumka–Rampurhat railway line (177 km) in Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal
• Telecommunications Consultants India Limited (TCIL), a Government of India Enterprise under the Ministry of Communications, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Punjab National Bank (PNB), a leading public sector bank in New Delhi
• National Co-operative Exports Limited (NCEL) and the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to strengthen India’s cooperative-led agricultural exports
• Larry Ellison, Co-Founder, Chairman and Chief Technology Officer of Oracle Corporation, has overtaken Tesla Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Elon Musk to become the world’s richest person, as per Forbes Real-Time Billionaire Rankings
• The International Cricket Council (ICC) unveiled its flagship ‘Will to Win’ campaign ahead of the ICC Women’s Cricket World Cup 2025, which will be hosted by India and Sri Lanka
• Veteran actor and motivational speaker Anupam Kher has announced his fourth book, Different But No Less, inspired by his real-life challenges and the making of his upcoming film Tanvi The Great.
• The Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Government of India (GoI) signed a $126.42 million loan agreement to promote rural development through sustainable and climate-resilient tourism in the Tehri Lake region, Uttarakhand.
• Jio Financial Services Limited (JFSL) and Allianz (Germany) have formed a 50:50 joint venture (JV) named Allianz Jio Reinsurance Limited (AJRL) to operate in the reinsurance sector in India.
• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced a major relaxation for startup founders preparing for Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).
• The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has introduced special measures for voluntary delisting of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) where the government holds ≥90% stake, aiming to streamline the exit process.
• External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar represented Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the virtual BRICS Leaders’ Meeting on September 8, 2025, convened by Brazilian President Lula da Silva.
• The European Union (EU) has approved 102 additional marine product units from India for exports, making a total of 604 Indian units eligible for EU supply.
• National Democratic Alliance (NDA) nominee C.P. Radhakrishnan has been elected as the Vice President of India, defeating INDIA bloc candidate Justice B. Sudershan Reddy.
• In the parliamentary election held on September 8, 2025, Norway’s Labour Party, led by Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Stoere, won a second consecutive term, securing a narrow majority with 87 seats, just above the majority threshold of 85.
• The Indian Army‘s indigenous secure mobile ecosystem, SAMBHAV (Secure Army Mobile Bharat Version), played a critical role during Operation Sindoor.
• Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh virtually flagged off the historic Tri-service all-women circumnavigation sailing expedition Samudra Pradakshina on September 11, 2025, from the Gateway of India, Mumbai.
• The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) signed a formal agreement with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) on September 10, 2025, for the transfer of technology for the production of Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLV).
• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman V. Narayanan stated that India has secured 9 major world records in space exploration and aims to achieve 8-10 more in the coming years.
• World First Aid Day 2025 is observed on September 13 (second Saturday of September).