Daily Current Affairs 30th Sep 2025 | Latest News | Download PDF

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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Nirmala Sitharaman to inaugurate 4th Kautilya Economic Conclave (KEC 2025) on theme ‘Seeking Prosperity in Turbulent Times’ in New Delhi from October 3–5, 2025

• The Fourth Kautilya Economic Conclave (KEC 2025) will be inaugurated by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on 3rd October 2025 in New Delhi.

Key Highlights :

• The Conclave will conclude on 5th October 2025 with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar reflecting on India’s foreign and economic policy.
• The event will be held from October 3–5, 2025 at the Taj Palace, New Delhi.
• The theme of KEC 2025 is “Seeking Prosperity in Turbulent Times”, focusing on India’s growth aspirations amid global uncertainty.
• A special session on “Communications: Emerging Technologies” will be led by Communications Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia, with experts on AI and digital infrastructure.
• The Conclave will culminate in a high-level plenary on global macroeconomic prudence, chaired by Dr. P. K. Mishra, Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister.
• 75 international participants from 30+ countries will attend, enhancing the conclave’s global presence.
• Key topics include Asia’s emergence as a growth hub, the evolving BRICS structure, financial stability, and industrial policy.
• A major highlight will be a discussion between Jean-Claude Trichet (Banque de France) and Sanjay Malhotra (RBI Governor) on central banking in turbulent times.
• Larry Kramer (LSE) and Harish Salve will lead a session on legal reforms and rule of law, chaired by Shaktikanta Das, Principal Secretary-II to the Prime Minister.
• Additional panels will focus on healthcare, youth employment, urbanisation, trade, regional integration, and the risks of emerging technologies.
• The conclave is organised by the Institute of Economic Growth (IEG) under N. K. Singh, in partnership with the Ministry of Finance, and is a “by invitation only” event.
• Past themes:
  • 2022 – “Redefining the Future”
  • 2023 – “Navigating a World on Fire”
  • 2024 – “The Indian Era”

Dubai Financial Services Authority restricts HDFC Bank’s DIFC branch from taking new clients starting September 26, 2025

• The Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) has barred HDFC Bank’s DIFC branch from soliciting or conducting business with new clients, effective September 26, 2025.
• The restriction applies to all financial services, including advising on financial products, arranging deals in investments, arranging credit, and advising on credit.
• As of September 23, 2025, the DIFC branch had 1,489 customers onboarded, including joint holders.
• Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) is a financial free zone with a separate jurisdiction under an independent legal system, distinct from UAE laws.
• DFSA acts as an independent regulator for financial services conducted in and from DIFC.

Bank of Baroda approved to operate as Trading-Cum-Clearing Member on India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX) at GIFT City

• The Bank of Baroda has received approval from the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) to operate as a Trading-Cum-Clearing Member (TCM) on the India International Bullion Exchange IFSC Limited (IIBX) at GIFT City.
• The India International Bullion Exchange (IIBX), launched in July 2022, is India’s first international bullion exchange.
• As a TCM, the Bank of Baroda will execute, clear, and settle trades, thereby enhancing liquidity and efficiency in India’s bullion market.
• The Bank of Baroda’s International Banking Unit (IBU) at GIFT City is an early entrant, with operations in treasury, trade finance, and capital markets.
• The Government of India holds a 63.97% stake in Bank of Baroda, making it a majority-owned public sector bank.

About Bank of Baroda (BoB):

• Founded: 1908
• Headquarters: Vadodara, Gujarat, India
• Managing Director & CEO: Debadatta Chand
• Tagline: “India’s International Bank”

Indian banking system liquidity deficit jumps to ₹87,183 crore

• The Indian banking system experienced a liquidity deficit of ₹87,183 crore on September 23, 2025, a sharp increase from ₹31,987 crore a day earlier.
• The deficit marks a shift from the liquidity surplus maintained since March-end 2025, primarily due to advance tax payments and GST outflows starting September 16.
• Advance tax payments and GST remittances have drained substantial funds from the banking system, tightening short-term liquidity.
• To address the crisis, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) conducted an overnight Variable Rate Repo (VRR) auction on September 24, offering up to ₹1.50 lakh crore, with bids worth ₹48,980 crore accepted at a weighted average rate of 5.51%.
• Another overnight VRR auction was scheduled for September 25, aiming to inject ₹1.25 lakh crore into the banking system.
• A liquidity deficit indicates that banks are borrowing more from the RBI than they are depositing, often caused by tax outflows, GST remittances, or seasonal cash demand.
• The short-term implications include rising borrowing costs, potential reduction in lending, and the need for continued RBI interventions like VRR auctions or open market operations (OMOs).
• Since the liquidity squeeze is largely calendar-driven, it is expected to be temporary, and RBI’s actions aim to maintain financial stability.

DBS Bank India Gets Reserve Bank of India Nod as Agency Bank to Collect GST Payments

• DBS Bank India has been authorised by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as an Agency Bank to collect Goods and Services Tax (GST) payments.
• It is the only wholly-owned subsidiary in India to receive this RBI approval.
• Customers can now make instant GST payments via the DBS IDEAL digital banking platform for enterprises.
• The platform offers real-time transaction status updates, instant GST payment advice downloads, and dedicated client service support.
• DBS Bank has been recognised as Asia’s Safest Bank by Global Finance for 16 consecutive years (2009–2024).
• In 2025, DBS was named Best Digital Bank for SMEs in India by Euromoney.
• Managing Director & CEO of DBS Bank India : Rajat Verma

Star Health and Association of Healthcare Providers India to Resume Cashless Hospital Services Across India from October 10

• Association of Healthcare Providers (India) (AHPI) and Star Health agreed to restore cashless services from October 10, 2025, with pending issues such as tariff revisions, empanelment disputes, and claim delays to be resolved by October 31, 2025.
• AHPI had earlier warned of withdrawing cashless services for Star Health policyholders from September 22, 2025 due to tariff disputes and alleged unfair practices, risking disruption to patients.
• The suspension of cashless care would have forced patients into reimbursement mode, leading to out-of-pocket expenses and hardship, especially in emergency cases.
• Director General of AHPI : Girdhar Gyani
• MD & CEO of Star Health Insurance : Anand Roy

Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority Proposes Key Reforms to NPS with New Exit Rules, Higher Equity Limit, and Multiple Scheme Framework

• The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) has proposed major reforms to the National Pension System (NPS), including exit/withdrawal rules, higher equity allocation, and a Multiple Scheme Framework (MSF).

Key Highlights :

• From October 1, 2025, non-government subscribers will be allowed to invest up to 100% in equities under the MSF.
• The MSF permits multiple schemes under one PRAN across CRAs like CAMS, Protean, and KFintech, replacing the earlier 75% equity cap and single-scheme restriction.
• Each MSF scheme will have at least two variants—moderate and high-risk, while low-risk options may also be introduced by pension funds (PFs).
• A 15-year vesting period is required before switching between schemes, except in some cases where movement to common schemes is allowed earlier.
• Charges under MSF are capped at 0.30% of AUM, which is higher than the current 0.03–0.09% range.
• Exit rules have been redefined to include NPS Vatsalya, renunciation of citizenship, and revised age limits for entry/exit.
• For government employees, a one-time switch from UPS to NPS is allowed up to one year before superannuation or three months before voluntary retirement.
• In case of scheme closures, subscribers will be moved to alternative schemes, with the default being Tier 1 auto choice LC50 plan, which reduces equity exposure with age.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization adds Himachal Pradesh’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve to its World Network of Biosphere Reserves

• India’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in Himachal Pradesh’s Lahaul-Spiti district has been added to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO’s) World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) on September 27, 2025.

Key Highlights :

• With this addition, India now has 13 biosphere reserves under the UNESCO WNBR list
• The decision to include India’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in the WNBR was taken at the 37th session of UNESCO’s International Coordinating Council of the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) held in Paris.
• The reserve covers 7,770 sq. km. with altitudes ranging from 3,300 to 6,600 m, including Pin Valley National Park, Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary, and Chandratal Wildlife Sanctuary.
• It is one of the coldest and driest ecosystems in the WNBR, featuring plateaus, glacial valleys, alpine lakes, and high-altitude deserts.
• The reserve harbours 732 species of vascular plants, including 30 endemics and 157 near-endemics of the Indian Himalayas.
• Major flora includes Willow-leaved sea-buckthorn, Himalayan birch, and Persian juniper.
• Iconic fauna include snow leopard, Himalayan ibex, blue sheep, Himalayan wolf, Himalayan snowcock, and golden eagle.
• Around 12,000 inhabitants practice pastoralism, yak and goat herding, barley and pea farming, and Tibetan herbal medicine, guided by Buddhist monastic traditions.
• UNESCO announced 26 new biosphere reserves across 21 countries in 2025, the highest number in 20 years, raising the total to 785 sites in 142 countries, covering 5% of the planet.
• Six countries — Angola, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Iceland, Oman, and Tajikistan — got their first biosphere reserve; Sao Tome and Principe became the first state with its entire territory designated as a biosphere reserve.
• The inclusion of Cold Desert Reserve reflects India’s commitment to biodiversity conservation, community-led sustainable development, and ecosystem restoration.
• This UNESCO recognition is expected to boost tourism, research, and conservation efforts in fragile mountain ecosystems facing tourism pressures and climate change.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

India’s Forest Environmental Accounting Advances in 2025

• The Government of India released the Forest Accounts 2025, comprising Volume I: National-Level Forest Accounts and Volume II: State-Level Trends and Literature Review.
• The report uses the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) framework to assess the physical, monetary, and ecosystem service values of India’s forests, aligned with international best practices.
• The data spans over a decade, capturing forest conservation, climate change mitigation, and economic valuation of forest services, supporting India’s net-zero emissions target by 2070.

Key Highlights

• Forest Cover: India’s forest cover increased by 17,444.61 sq. km (22.5%) between 2010–11 and 2021–22, reaching 7.15 lakh sq. km (21.76% of total land area). Top contributors: Kerala (+4,137 sq. km), Karnataka (+3,122 sq. km), Tamil Nadu (+2,606 sq. km).
• Forest Extent Adjustments (2013–2023): Net increase of 3,356 sq. km due to reclassification and boundary updates. Notable gains in Uttarakhand (+6.3%), Odisha (+1.97%), Jharkhand (+1.9%).
• Forest Stock Growth: Growing stock increased by 305.53 million cubic meters (7.32%). Top contributors: Madhya Pradesh (136 mcm), Chhattisgarh (51 mcm), Telangana (28 mcm), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (77 mcm).
• Provisioning Services: Value of timber and non-timber products rose from ₹30,720 crore (2011–12) to ₹37,930 crore (2021–22; 0.16% of GDP). Leading states: Maharashtra (₹23,780 crore), Gujarat (₹14,150 crore), Kerala (₹8,550 crore).
• Regulating Services (Carbon Retention): Carbon value increased by 51.82%, from ₹4,09,100 crore (2015–16) to ₹6,20,970 crore (2021–22; 2.63% of GDP). Top states: Arunachal Pradesh (₹2,96,000 crore), Uttarakhand (₹1,56,600 crore), Assam (₹1,29,960 crore).
• Volume II details decadal forest asset changes, ecosystem condition, provisioning and regulating services, along with literature review and valuation models for state-specific policy and GDP integration.
• Integrated from India State of Forest Report (ISFR), Forestry Statistics 2021 (ICFRE), National Accounts Statistics, SEEA standards, NCAVES project. Includes QR-enabled datasets for interactive research and policymaking.

Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Launches Licensing Window for Ayurveda Aahara Products

• The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) launched a dedicated licensing and registration window for Ayurveda Aahara products on the FoSCoS portal.
• Initiative in partnership with the Ministry of Ayush, aiming to standardize and formalize traditional Ayurvedic food practices under modern food safety regulations.
• Ayurveda Aahara refers to traditional Ayurvedic foods formulated based on ancient texts and principles, designed for personalized nutrition and integration with prescribed Ayurvedic treatments.

Key Highlights

• New Kind of Business (KoB) classification for Ayurveda Aahara manufacturers on the FoSCoS portal.
• 91 pre-approved traditional recipes published on 25th July 2025, based on ancient Ayurvedic texts.
• Integration of QR codes for consumer engagement and complaint redressal.
• Collaboration with Ministry of Ayush ensures authenticity while maintaining regulatory compliance.
• Benefits: streamlined licensing for manufacturers, safety and authenticity for consumers, and integration of nutritional solutions in healthcare.
• Industry impact: expected to boost startups and SMEs, encourage Ayurveda-based food exports, and promote new product innovations leveraging India’s holistic nutrition heritage.

NITI Aayog Launches ATL Sarthi and Frontier Region Programme in Jammu & Kashmir

• NITI Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) launched the ATL Sarthi and Frontier Region Programme at the University of Kashmir, inaugurated by Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for Science & Technology, in the presence of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha and Education Minister Sakina Masood.
• The launch includes 500 new Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs) in Jammu & Kashmir, part of a plan to set up 2,500 ATLs in India’s frontier and underserved regions.
• Investment: ₹100 crore, making J&K the largest beneficiary of the scheme.
• ATLs will provide school students access to 3D printing, prototyping tools, robotics and AI kits, coding platforms, and STEM resources, aimed at developing future-ready skills and local problem-solving solutions.

ATL Sarthi Initiative and Private Sector Participation

• ATL Sarthi will focus on monitoring lab performance, providing mentorship, teacher training, and enabling peer-to-peer collaboration.
• The University of Kashmir partnered with AIM to support ATL Sarthi and build capacity among ATL teachers.
• Private sector partners contributing to J&K’s school innovation ecosystem include Boeing India, Amazon India, Pi Jam Foundation, and Learning Links Foundation, providing expertise, curriculum content, and funding.
• Objective: Promote inclusive, bottom-up innovation in tribal, remote, and underserved regions, contributing to India’s “Viksit Bharat 2047” vision.

About Jammu & Kashmir:

• Chief Minister: Omar Abdullah

• Lieutenant Governor: Manoj Sinha
• Capital: Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)
• National Parks: Dachigam National Park, Hemis National Park, Kishtwar National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary, Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary, Nandini Wildlife Sanctuary, Surinsar-Mansar Wildlife Sanctuary

Recent news

• NITI Aayog, in collaboration with the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), has released a new report titled “Rethinking Homestays: Navigating Policy Pathways”, offering a strategic roadmap to strengthen India’s homestay and BnB ecosystem.

India’s Smartphone Exports to US Surge 148% in August 2025

• As per the India Cellular and Electronics Association (ICEA), India’s smartphone exports to the United States rose by 148% year-on-year in August 2025, from USD 388 million to USD 965 million.
• Overall smartphone exports in August 2025 increased 39%, from USD 1.09 billion in August 2024 to USD 1.53 billion.
• During April–August FY26, exports to the US totaled USD 8.43 billion, compared to USD 2.88 billion in FY25, representing nearly 80% of last year’s total exports (USD 10.56 billion).
• ICEA refuted claims of declining exports made by think tank GTRI, emphasizing that India’s smartphone sector remains the best-performing export segment under the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme.

Key Highlights

• August–September usually see lower exports due to new model launches, production line retrofitting, and domestic festival-season focus; exports recover from mid-October and peak during Thanksgiving, Black Friday, and Christmas.
• India’s smartphone sector improved its global HS code export ranking from 167th in FY15 to 1st in FY25.
• Major manufacturers like Apple and Samsung have set up assembly lines in India, creating a high-volume, export-led ecosystem competing with traditional hubs like China and Vietnam.
• The sector has become India’s largest merchandise export category by value, underlining its strategic importance for India’s economy.

India Launches Fully Indigenous 4G Network and Swadeshi Towers

• India commissioned nearly 98,000 Swadeshi 4G towers and launched its first fully indigenous 4G (5G-ready) network, developed by C-DOT (Core Network), Tejas Networks (RAN), and integrated by TCS.
• Indigenous 4G stack reduces dependence on foreign technology, promotes Aatmanirbhar Bharat, and places India among five countries capable of launching homegrown 4G services.
• Features: End-to-end indigenous architecture, cloud-native software, 5G-ready design, enabling rapid upgrades and future migration to 5G.
• Coverage & Impact: Over 92,000 4G sites connecting 22 million citizens including 2 million first-time users. Benefits tribal, remote, and hilly regions by supporting online education, telemedicine, agriculture, and secure communication for armed forces.
• Strategic and Economic Significance: Enhances digital sovereignty, local employment, supply-chain autonomy, and strengthens BSNL’s financial performance, reflecting the Swadeshi principle.

5G Expansion and Bharat 6G Initiatives

• 5G rollout: Launched 1st Oct 2022, covering 700 districts within 8 months; now available in all 28 states and 8 UTs, with 4.86 lakh 5G BTSs installed by 30th June 2025.
• Use Cases: Agriculture (precision farming), Healthcare (telemedicine, remote diagnostics), Education (virtual classrooms, AR/VR), Industry 4.0, Smart Cities, Automotive & Transport, and Entertainment & Media.
• Bharat 6G Vision (2023): Aims for India to be a global leader in 6G by 2030, based on affordability, sustainability, and universality.
• Government Initiatives for 6G:
  • 100 5G/6G labs for academic and start-up ecosystem development.
  • Telecom Technology Development Fund (TTDF): 104 projects approved, Rs. 275.88 crore for R&D and innovation.
  • Bharat 6G Alliance uniting industry, academia, research, and standards bodies; MoUs signed with global 6G alliances.
  • Technology Innovation Hub at IIIT Bangalore for advanced communication systems like O-RAN Massive MIMO.
• Global Context: Over 5.5 billion people (68%) online in 2024. India achieved >80% 5G population coverage, with 5G traffic accounting for 36% of India’s total mobile traffic.
• Indigenous 4G, 5G expansion, and Bharat 6G initiatives strengthen India’s digital sovereignty, global telecom leadership, and pave the way toward Viksit Bharat 2047, empowering India and the world in 5G, 6G, and beyond.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

WaveX Startup Accelerator launches seven new incubation centres to boost Media, Entertainment and AVGC-XR sector startups

• The Start-up Accelerator Platform WaveX has announced the launch of seven new incubation centres across India to support the media, animation, and entertainment sector.
• These centres will be established at Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC) Delhi, IIMC Jammu, IIMC Dhenkanal (Odisha), IIMC Kottayam (Kerala), IIMC Amravati (Maharashtra),Film and Television Institute of India (FTII), Pune, Maharashtra, and Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute, Kolkata,West Bengal.
• Through these incubation networks, startups will gain access to advanced facilities for film production, game development, and editing.
• The participating startups will also receive international exposure opportunities at events like VivaTech (Paris) and the Game Developers Conference (USA).
• WaveX is the startup accelerator platform under the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting’s WAVES initiative, designed to nurture innovation in media, entertainment, and creative technologies.

“Ministry of Ayush Launches ‘Prayas’, Integrated Neuro-Rehabilitation Centre at AIIA Goa”

• The Ministry of Ayush inaugurated “Prayas”, an Integrated Neuro-Rehabilitation Centre at the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), Goa on the 10th Ayurveda Day.
• The centre was inaugurated by Prataprao Jadhav, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Ayush and MoS Health & Family Welfare, in the presence of Shripad Yesso Naik, MoS for Power & New & Renewable Energy.
• “Prayas” is a first-of-its-kind multidisciplinary centre combining Ayurveda, Physiotherapy, Yoga, Speech Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and modern Paediatrics under one roof.
• The centre is designed to provide holistic and patient-centred neuro-rehabilitation, with a special focus on children with neurological and developmental conditions.
• The initiative reflects India’s vision for integrative healthcare, blending traditional wisdom with modern medicine for evidence-based solutions.
• AIIA Goa aims to set new benchmarks in paediatric neuro care, holistic healing, and contribute to research and training in Ayush-based innovations.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : ACQUISITIONS & MERGERS

ICICI Bank Gets RBI Nod to Acquire Additional 2% Stake in ICICI Prudential AMC

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved ICICI Bank to acquire up to 2% additional shareholding in its subsidiary ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company (AMC).
• ICICI Bank had signed an inter-se agreement with Prudential Corporation Holdings Ltd (PCHL) on July 8, to purchase up to 2% of fully diluted pre-IPO share capital of ICICI Prudential AMC from PCHL.
• After the transaction, ICICI Bank’s stake in ICICI Prudential AMC will rise above its current 51% equity shareholding.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SUMMITS & CONFERENCES

29th Conference of Central and State Statistical Organizations (CoCSSO) scheduled on 25–26 September 2025 in Chandigarh

• The 29th Conference of Central and State Statistical Organizations (CoCSSO) was held on 25–26 September 2025 at JW Marriott, Chandigarh, organized by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) to strengthen coordination between Central and State statistical agencies.
• The theme of the conference is “Strengthening Local Level Governance”, focusing on improving local-level data quality and availability for effective governance and evidence-based policy formulation.
• MoSPI released key publications “Children in India 2025” and “Environmental Accounting on Forest – 2025”, providing insights into child development and environmental resources.
• The conference marked the launch of MoSPI’s revamped website, the iOS version of the GoIStats app, the PAIMANA portal for monitoring Central Sector Infrastructure Projects, and the NMDS 2.0 metadata portal, aligned with international standards.
• The two-day conference focuses on state-level statistical capacity building, data harmonization, sub-national monitoring of SDGs, revision of base year exercises for GDP, IIP, and CPI, and MPLAD scheme implementation.
• The conference is attended by around 350 participants, including representatives from Central Ministries, State Governments, UN Agencies, the World Bank, and other key organizations.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Veteran Journalist Amshi Prasannakumar Wins Krishi Media Award 2025

• Senior journalist Amshi Prasannakumar from Mysuru has been selected for the Hombale Samhita Harinikumar Alumni Krishi Media Award – 2025.
• The award will be presented on 11th October 2025 at Veterinary College Campus, Hebbal, Bengaluru.
• Instituted by the Alumni Association of the University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Bangalore), it honours excellence in agricultural journalism and efforts to raise farmer awareness through print and electronic media.

• Amshi Prasannakumar’s Contributions:
  • Former President, Mysore District Journalists’ Association.
  • Member, Karnataka Media Academy.
  • Known for highlighting rural issues, agricultural practices, and farmer welfare, empowering farmers with knowledge of policies, innovations, and best practices.
• About Krishi Media Award:
  • Conferred annually to honour journalists in agriculture and rural development reporting.
  • Aims to encourage quality journalism, promote farmer-centric knowledge, and inspire young journalists to cover critical agricultural issues.
  • Recognizes the media’s role in shaping discourse on farming and sustainability in India.

President Droupadi Murmu Confers National Geoscience Awards 2024

• President Droupadi Murmu presented the National Geoscience Awards (NGA) 2024 at Rashtrapati Bhavan Cultural Centre.
• A total of 20 eminent geoscientists were honoured for excellence in mineral exploration, applied geosciences, and environmental sustainability.
• Instituted in 1966 by the Ministry of Mines, the awards recognize innovation and excellence in India’s geoscientific ecosystem.
• The ceremony was attended by Union Minister G. Kishan Reddy, Ministry Secretary Piyush Goyal, and Geological Survey of India (GSI) Director General Asit Saha.

Award Categories & Key Recipients

• National Geoscience Award for Lifetime Achievement 2024:
  • Recipient: Prof. Shyam Sundar Rai, Senior Scientist at Indian National Science Academy (INSA) & Visiting Professor at IISER Pune.
  • Contribution: Pioneering work in Solid Earth and Exploration Geophysics, with seismological studies in Peninsular India, Himalayas, and Ladakh.
• National Young Geoscientist Award 2024:
  • Recipient: Shri Susobhan Neogi, Senior Geologist, Geological Survey of India (GSI).
  • Contribution: Advanced research on tectonic evolution of thrust belts in Meghalaya, Jharkhand, and Bundelkhand Craton, aiding mineral genesis and supercontinent assembly studies.
• National Geoscience Awards (10 Awards):
  • Honoured scientists for contributions in mining technology, applied geosciences, groundwater studies, and exploration of strategic minerals.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

Sergio Busquets Announces Retirement After 20-Year Football Career

• Legendary Spanish midfielder Sergio Busquets (37 years) has announced that he will retire at the end of the 2025 Major League Soccer (MLS) season.
• The announcement was made on 26th September 2025 through a video message on Instagram.
• He is currently playing for Inter Miami, whose final regular-season game is scheduled on 12th October 2025 against Atlanta United. If the team qualifies, his last appearance could be in the MLS Cup Final on 6th December 2025.
• Busquets began his career at Barcelona’s La Masia academy and made his first-team debut in 2008. Over 15 years at FC Barcelona (2008–2023), he made 722 appearances and won 32 trophies, including 9 La Liga titles, 7 Copa del Rey, and 3 UEFA Champions League trophies.
• Known for his tactical intelligence, positional awareness, and composure, he is regarded as one of football’s most intelligent midfielders who redefined the defensive midfield role.
• For the Spanish national team (2009–2022), Busquets earned 143 caps (3rd highest in Spain’s history).
• Major international achievements include winning the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the 2012 UEFA Euro Championship.
• He retired from international football in 2022, marking the end of an illustrious international career.

India Wins 5 Medals at ISSF Junior World Cup 2025

• India secured 5 medals at the 11th ISSF Junior World Cup 2025, including a clean sweep in the Women’s 50m Prone Rifle event.
• The event is being held at the Dr Karni Singh Shooting Range, New Delhi, from September 27 to October 2, 2025.
• This is the first time India is hosting the ISSF Junior World Cup.
• A total of 208 shooters from 19 countries are participating, including a 69-member Indian contingent.

Key Medal Winners

• Women’s 50m Prone Rifle:
  • Gold – Anushka Thokur
  • Silver – Anshik
  • Bronze – Aadhya Agrawal (India achieved an all-podium finish).
• Men’s 50m Prone Rifle:
  • Silver – Deependra Singh Shekhawat (missed gold by 1 point; gold won by Kamil Nuriakhmetov).
  • Bronze – Rohit Kanyan.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : PERSON IN NEWS

70-Year-Old Kerala Woman Skydives from 13,000 Feet in Dubai, Becomes State’s Oldest to Achieve Feat

• Leela Jose, a 71-year-old homemaker from Konnathady, Idukki, Kerala, became the oldest woman from Kerala to skydive.
• She completed a skydive from 13,000 feet in Dubai, marking a record achievement.
• The skydiving cost was about ₹2 lakh, covering flight, guide, and videographer.
• The parachute opened at 6,000 feet, ensuring a safe landing.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : ENVIRONMENT

New Eel Species Apterichtus kanniyakumari Found off Tamil Nadu Coast

• A new marine species named Apterichtus kanniyakumari was discovered off the Colachel coast, Tamil Nadu, marking a significant addition to India’s coastal biodiversity.
• The species belongs to the genus Apterichtus (finless snake eels) and was identified by researchers from the National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (NBFGR).
• The name “kanniyakumari” pays homage to the southernmost district of India.
• Genetic analysis using the mitochondrial CO1 gene confirmed it as a distinct clade from Apterichtus nanjilnaduensis, another recently discovered species.
• Distinct features include: golden-yellow body coloration, pale white ventral side with yellow jaw lines, and three black blotches (behind the eyes, at the rictus, and behind the rictus origin).
• Finless snake eels (family Ophichthidae) are elongated, snake-like marine fish with no pectoral fins, inhabiting sandy seabeds.
• They are found in tropical and temperate oceans, can live up to 800 meters deep, and show cryptic behavior by burrowing backward using their tails.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

International Translation Day is celebrated on 30^th September

• International Translation Day is celebrated on 30th September of every year.
• Translation is a process of changing words from one language to another language without changing the meaning. The translation process helps us to learn the culture of the different people and their languages.

History

• On 24 May 2017, the General Assembly approved resolution 71/288 and declared September 30 as International Translation Day in order to identify the role of Translators in interconnecting nations.
• They chose September 30 as International Translation Day because the 30th of September is the day of the feast of St. Jerome, the Bible translator who is considered the patron saint of translators.
• The celebration has been promoted by the International Federation of Translators (FIT) which was started in the year of 1953.
• In 1991 the FIT launched the idea of International Translation Day to represent the solidarity of the translation community and to promote the profession of translation.

Daily CA One- Liner: September 30

• The Government of India released the Forest Accounts 2025, comprising Volume I: National-Level Forest Accounts and Volume II: State-Level Trends and Literature Review
• The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) launched a dedicated licensing and registration window for Ayurveda Aahara products on the FoSCoS portal
• NITI Aayog’s Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) launched the ATL Sarthi and Frontier Region Programme at the University of Kashmir, inaugurated by Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for Science & Technology, in the presence of Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha and Education Minister Sakina Masood
• As per the India Cellular and Electronics Association (ICEA), India’s smartphone exports to the United States rose by 148% year-on-year in August 2025, from USD 388 million to USD 965 million
• India commissioned nearly 98,000 Swadeshi 4G towers and launched its first fully indigenous 4G (5G-ready) network, developed by C-DOT (Core Network), Tejas Networks (RAN), and integrated by TCS
• Senior journalist Amshi Prasannakumar from Mysuru has been selected for the Hombale Samhita Harinikumar Alumni Krishi Media Award – 2025.
• President Droupadi Murmu presented the National Geoscience Awards (NGA) 2024 at Rashtrapati Bhavan Cultural Centre
• Legendary Spanish midfielder Sergio Busquets (37 years) has announced that he will retire at the end of the 2025 Major League Soccer (MLS) season

• The Fourth Kautilya Economic Conclave (KEC 2025) will be inaugurated by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on 3rd October 2025 in New Delhi.
• The Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) has barred HDFC Bank’s DIFC branch from soliciting or conducting business with new clients, effective September 26, 2025.
• The Bank of Baroda has received approval from the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) to operate as a Trading-Cum-Clearing Member (TCM) on the India International Bullion Exchange IFSC Limited (IIBX) at GIFT City.
• The Indian banking system experienced a liquidity deficit of ₹87,183 crore on September 23, 2025, a sharp increase from ₹31,987 crore a day earlier.
• DBS Bank India has been authorised by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as an Agency Bank to collect Goods and Services Tax (GST) payments.
• Association of Healthcare Providers (India) (AHPI) and Star Health agreed to restore cashless services from October 10, 2025, with pending issues such as tariff revisions, empanelment disputes, and claim delays to be resolved by October 31, 2025.
• The Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) has proposed major reforms to the National Pension System (NPS), including exit/withdrawal rules, higher equity allocation, and a Multiple Scheme Framework (MSF).
• India’s Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in Himachal Pradesh’s Lahaul-Spiti district has been added to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO’s) World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR) on September 27, 2025.
• The Start-up Accelerator Platform WaveX has announced the launch of seven new incubation centres across India to support the media, animation, and entertainment sector.
• The Ministry of Ayush inaugurated “Prayas”, an Integrated Neuro-Rehabilitation Centre at the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), Goa on the 10th Ayurveda Day.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved ICICI Bank to acquire up to 2% additional shareholding in its subsidiary ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company (AMC).
• The 29th Conference of Central and State Statistical Organizations (CoCSSO) was held on 25–26 September 2025 at JW Marriott, Chandigarh, organized by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) to strengthen coordination between Central and State statistical agencies.
• Leela Jose, a 71-year-old homemaker from Konnathady, Idukki, Kerala, became the oldest woman from Kerala to skydive.
• A new marine species named Apterichtus kanniyakumari was discovered off the Colachel coast, Tamil Nadu, marking a significant addition to India’s coastal biodiversity.

• India secured 5 medals at the 11th ISSF Junior World Cup 2025, including a clean sweep in the Women’s 50m Prone Rifle event
• International Translation Day is celebrated on 30th September of every year.