Daily Current Affairs 11th October 2025 | Latest News | Download PDF

By Ameena Ameena - Oct 11 2025

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Dear Readers, get to know the daily current affairs today covering all the National & International Events provided here in this article. Current Affairs is an important topic in various competitive exams like IBPS/SBI/PO/Clerk and other competitive exams. To score better in this section, be updated with the daily happenings. Check the Daily Current Affairs October 2025 updates here. Revision is very important in remembering current affairs. Candidates after learning the Daily current affairs 11th October 2025, can test their knowledge by attempting Current Affairs Quiz provided with answers. Daily current affairs 11th October 2025 covers current affairs from International & National news, Important Days, State News, Banking & Economy, Business News, Appointments & Resignation, Awards & Honour, Books & Authors, Sports News, etc.,

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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

Reserve Bank of India Expands Public Awareness Efforts Under ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ Initiative

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been conducting public awareness campaigns through print, television, radio, digital platforms, and text messages under the ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ (RBI Says)
  • To further expand outreach, RBI launched its verified WhatsApp channel in April 2025 to disseminate public awareness messages and important updates.
  • The initiative aims to make financial information more accessible, simple, and effective, thereby strengthening trust and resilience in the financial ecosystem.
  • Citizens can now receive official updates from RBI via verified WhatsApp accounts — 99309 91935 (newly added) and 99990 41935 (already in use).
  • Users are advised to follow only verified RBI accounts with the blue tick to ensure authenticity.
  • The RBI encourages citizens to stay informed by following its official WhatsApp channels and visiting the official website rbi.org.in.

Reserve Bank of India Launches Pilot Linking FX-Retail Platform with Bharat Bill Payment System to Facilitate Retail Forex Transactions

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched a pilot linkage between the FX-Retail platform of Clearcorp Dealing Systems (India) Limited. and the Bharat Bill Payment System (Bharat Connect) to enable individual bank customers to register and transact through digital channels and Third Party Application Providers (TPAPs).
  • The pilot was launched at the Global Fintech Fest 2025 by RBI Deputy Governor T. Rabi Sankar, providing a new access option for existing FX-Retail customers.
  • Initially, it covers customers of Axis Bank, Federal Bank, ICICI Bank, SBI, and Yes Bank, allowing purchase of US Dollars against the Indian Rupee via apps like CRED and Mobikwik, and through internet banking for Federal Bank and SBI.
  • The pilot will expand gradually to include more banks, TPAPs, user categories, channels, and a broader range of forex transactions.
  • The FX-Retail platform, launched in 2019, aims to ensure transparency and fairness in forex pricing, and the linkage with Bharat Connect aligns with RBI’s policy (December 2024) to enhance market accessibility, user experience, and reach.

Reserve Bank of India Releases Draft Directions on Credit Risk Capital and Asset Classification for Public Feedback

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued draft Directions on October 1, 2025, seeking public and stakeholder feedback on two key areas — Capital Charge for Credit Risk – Standardised Approach and Asset Classification, Provisioning and Income Recognition.

Key Highlights :

Capital Charge for Credit Risk – Standardised Approach

  • The Capital Charge draft Directions aim to enhance the robustness and granularity of the existing standardised approach by revising risk weights for corporates, MSMEs, and real estate.
  • The draft also introduces changes for timely credit card users (“transactors”) and off-balance sheet exposure calculations.
  • The proposed credit risk framework is expected to reduce minimum regulatory capital requirements, particularly benefiting MSME, real estate, and credit card exposures.

Asset Classification, Provisioning, and Income Recognition

  • The Asset Classification and Provisioning draft Directions propose replacing incurred-loss provisioning with an Expected Credit Loss (ECL) framework.
  • This introduces staging criteria, prudential floors, and alignment with Effective Interest Rate (EIR)-based income recognition, while maintaining existing NPA norms.
  • The ECL-based system may lead to additional one-time provisioning, but its overall capital impact will remain minimal, aided by a five-year glide-path for a smooth transition.
  • RBI has invited comments by November 30, 2025, which can be submitted via the RBI website, email, or post.

Reserve Bank of India Expands Scope of Integrated Ombudsman Scheme Under Banking Regulation Act

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has expanded the scope of the Reserve Bank – Integrated Ombudsman Scheme (RB-IOS), 2021, using powers under Section 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
  • From November 1, 2025, State Co-operative Banks and Central Co-operative Banks will also be treated as ‘Regulated Entities’ under the Scheme.
  • This modification partially amends the earlier notification issued on August 5, 2022.

Key Highlights :

Entities Covered Under RB-IOS

  • The RB-IOS Scheme now covers the following as Regulated Entities (REs):
    • Commercial Banks, Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), State Co-operative Banks, Central Co-operative Banks.
    • Scheduled and Non-Scheduled Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks with deposits of ₹50 crore and above (as per the previous year’s audited balance sheet).
    • Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) (excluding Housing Finance Companies) that accept deposits or have a customer interface, with an asset size of ₹100 crore and above.
    • Additionally, System Participants and Credit Information Companies (CICs) are covered under the scheme.
  • The inclusion aims to strengthen consumer grievance redressal and ensure a uniform complaint resolution mechanism across a broader range of financial entities.

Reserve Bank of India Fines American Express ₹31.80 Lakh for Violating Credit and Debit Card Guidelines

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of ₹31.80 lakh on American Express Banking Corp. on October 1, 2025, for non-compliance with certain provisions of the RBI (Credit Card and Debit Card – Issuance and Conduct) Directions, 2022.
  • After reviewing the bank’s reply, additional submissions, and oral representations, the RBI sustained the charges and proceeded with the penalty.
  • The action was taken under Section 47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, empowering RBI to penalize regulated entities for violations of its directions.

SBI Mutual Fund unveils Magnum Hybrid Long Short Fund under new SIF framework

  • SBI Mutual Fund launched its first investment strategy under the Specialized Investment Fund (SIF) framework, named Magnum Hybrid Long Short Fund.
  • The New Fund Offer (NFO) opened for subscription on October 1, 2025, and will close on October 15, 2025.
  • The fund permits daily subscriptions, while redemptions are allowed twice a week (Mondays and Thursdays).
  • The minimum investment amount is ₹10 lakh, with a minimum additional purchase of ₹10,000.
  • The fund will be managed by Gaurav Mehta and benchmarked against the NIFTY 50 Hybrid Composite Debt 50:50 Index.
  • Deputy MD and Joint CEO of SBI Funds Management : D.P. Singh

Real-time account-to-account payments account for about 25% of global retail digital transactions

  • Globally, real-time account-to-account (A2A) payments make up nearly 25% of all retail digital transactions.
  • In India and Brazil, A2A payments exceed 50% of all transactions, supported by domestic infrastructures like UPI and Pix.
  • India’s UPI has over 400 million users, while Brazil’s Pix has 160 million users, facilitating peer-to-peer, merchant, enterprise, and recurring bill payments.
  • In the Middle East and Africa, real-time payment adoption is projected to exceed 50% by 2030 as digital payment systems expand.
  • The report identifies agentic AI workflows as a key driver of digital commerce, with over 50% of global e-commerce spending expected to be influenced by AI agents.

Reserve Bank of India Permits Authorised Dealer Category-I Banks to Broaden Use of Special Rupee Vostro Account  Balances

  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed Authorised Dealer Category-I (AD) banks to expand the use of balances held in Special Rupee Vostro Accounts (SRVAs).
  • Earlier, SRVA balances could be used only for investments in Government Treasury Bills and Government securities as per the July 11, 2022 circular.
  • Now, AD banks may also permit investment of SRVA surplus balances in Non-Convertible Debentures (NCDs), bonds, and commercial papers issued by Indian companies, within prescribed limits.
  • The revised instructions are effective immediately, and AD banks must inform their constituents and customers
  • These directions are issued under Sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA), 1999, without impacting other legal approval requirements.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Inauguration of Viksit Bharat Strategy Room at Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration & NITI for States Use Case Challenge Awards

  • The Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA), in collaboration with NITI Aayog under the State Support Mission, inaugurated the Viksit Bharat Strategy Room (VBSR) and presented the Use Case Challenge Awards under the NITI for States platform.
  • The event was inaugurated by Shri B.V.R. Subrahmanyam, CEO, NITI Aayog, in the presence of Shri Sriram Taranikanti, Director, LBSNAA, senior officers from NITI Aayog, LBSNAA faculty, and District Collectors/Magistrates from Aspirational Districts and Blocks.

Key Highlights

  • The Viksit Bharat Strategy Room at LBSNAA serves as a dynamic governance hub for officer trainees, integrating multi-sectoral data for real-time monitoring, planning, and decision support.
  • The Strategy Room exposes young officers to evidence-based policymaking and data-driven governance, complementing the NITI Aayog’s Strategy Room.
  • The NITI for States Use Case Challenge Awards recognized outstanding data-driven governance models developed by districts between December 2024 and February 2025.
  • The Challenge invited District Magistrates and Collectors from Aspirational Districts and Blocks to identify local challenges, analyze them using data, and design replicable interventions.
  • Over 250 use case submissions were received across six themes: health and nutrition, education, agriculture and allied services, infrastructure, social development, and financial inclusion with skill development.
  • At the ceremony, 18 Districts were felicitated for their winning use cases, documented on the NITI for States portal (https://www.nitiforstates.gov.in/) and showcased in the Strategy Rooms network.
  • The initiatives demonstrate the power of data at the grassroots in addressing challenges such as improving learning outcomes and enhancing service delivery.
  • The Strategy Room provides a platform for real-time data engagement, while Use Cases offer field-tested solutions for replication and scaling, advancing the vision of Viksit Bharat @2047 by empowering States and districts with tools and a mindset for evidence-based governance.

Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi Addresses Global Fintech Fest 2025 in Mumbai, Maharashtra

  • Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the Global Fintech Fest 2025 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, welcoming international delegates, including  UK Prime Minister H.E. Mr. Keir Starmer, highlighting India’s emergence as a global fintech and digital economy hub.
  • The event marks the evolution of the Global Fintech Festival into a major platform for financial innovation, cooperation, and inclusion, with the United Kingdom participating as a partner country.
  • India ranks among the top three most-funded fintech ecosystems globally, with startups gaining recognition in interoperable QR networks, open commerce, and open finance frameworks.
  • Under the India-AI Mission, India is building high-performance computing capacity, Centers of Excellence, skilling hubs, and indigenous AI models to ensure AI benefits every district and language.
  • Promoted India’s role in ethical AI, highlighting the country’s trust layer for data, privacy, and governance and commitment to inclusive applications in payments, credit, insurance, and investment.
  • India and the UK will collaborate through the UK-India Fintech Corridor, London Stock Exchange, and GIFT City, fostering innovation, startups, and integration under the free trade agreement.
  • Shri Modi called for global partnership in fintech, promoting innovation that supports people, technology, and the planet, emphasizing finance as a driver of human progress and inclusive growth.
  • Dignitaries present included UK Prime Minister H.E. Mr. Keir Starmer and RBI Governor Shri Sanjay Malhotra.

Background

  • Global Fintech Fest 2025 is a global gathering of innovators, policymakers, regulators, investors, academicians, and industry leaders, focusing on the theme: ‘Empowering Finance for a Better World’ – Powered by AI, Augmented Intelligence, Innovation, and Inclusion.
  • Participating international institutions include the Monetary Authority of Singapore, Deutsche Bundesbank (Germany), Banque de France, and Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), reflecting the global stature of GFF as a platform for financial dialogue and cooperation.

About Maharashtra:

  • Chief Minister: Devendra Fadnavis
  • Capital: Mumbai
  • National Parks: Tadoba National Park, Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Chandoli National Park, Gugamal National Park, Navegaon National Park
  • Wildlife Sanctuaries: Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnala Bird Sanctuary, Melghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Radhanagari Wildlife Sanctuary

RECENT NEWS

  • On 15 September 2025, Acharya Devvrat, the Governor of Gujarat, officially took oath as the Governor of Maharashtra at a ceremony held at the Raj Bhavan in Mumbai. The oath of office was administered by Bombay High Court Chief Justice Shree Chandrashekhar.

First-Ever Vibrant Gujarat Regional Conference Begins in Mehsana, North Gujarat

  • The first-ever Vibrant Gujarat Regional Conference commenced in Mehsana, North Gujarat, under the vision of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Viksit Bharat @2047 initiative, aiming to extend the success of the Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit to all regions of the state.
  • Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel inaugurated the conference, while Union Minister for Railways, Communications and Electronics & Information Technology Ashwini Vaishnaw attended the inaugural session.
  • The conference focuses on sectors including dairy and food processing, agriculture and agro-based industries, automobile components, engineering, renewable energy, and tourism.

Key Highlights

  • The two-day event will feature 33 seminars, roundtable discussions, B2B and B2G meetings, and an MSME Conclave.
  • India’s first bullet train is expected to become operational by August 2027, marking a major milestone in the country’s transport modernization.
  • Over 13,000 participants, including more than 200 international delegates, have registered. Partner countries include Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, and the Netherlands, with global organisations such as JETRO, World Bank, ICBC, and the Russian Federation participating.
  • A key attraction is the Regional Exhibition, spread over 18,000 square metres, showcasing North Gujarat’s industrial products, including agro produce like cumin, fennel, and isabgol, dairy products, and auto components.
  • The Reverse Buyer-Seller Meet will connect international buyers from 40 countries with local entrepreneurs, offering substantial export opportunities.
  • Delegates will also visit key industrial and heritage sites, such as Maruti Suzuki, Banas Dairy, Dudh Sagar Dairy, and the Modhera Solar Park, along with cultural destinations like Rani-ki-Vav and Vadnagar.
  • The conference highlights North Gujarat’s industrial strengths while facilitating global market linkages and investment opportunities for local enterprises.

About Gujarat:

  • Chief Minister: Bhupendra Patel
  • Capital: Gandhinagar
  • National Parks: Gir National Park, Blackbuck National Park, Vansda National Park, Marine National Park
  • Wildlife Sanctuaries: Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary, Velavadar Blackbuck Sanctuary, Kutch Desert Wildlife Sanctuary, Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, Purna Wildlife Sanctuary

India Launches National Red List Roadmap at IUCN World Conservation Congress 2025 in Abu Dhabi

  • Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh, inaugurated the launch of India’s National Red List Roadmap at the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) World Conservation Congress held in Abu Dhabi.
  • The Minister unveiled India’s Vision 2025–2030 for the National Red List Assessment (NRLA), prepared by the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) and the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), in collaboration with IUCN-India and the Centre for Species Survival, India.

Key Highlights

  • The NRLA Vision Document provides a roadmap for a nationally coordinated, inclusive, and science-based system to assess and monitor the conservation status of India’s species.
  • India, one of the 17 megadiverse countries, hosts four of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots — the Himalayas, Western Ghats, Indo-Burma, and Sundaland. Despite covering only 2.4% of the world’s land area, India harbours nearly 8% of global flora and 7.5% of global fauna, with 28% of plants and over 30% of animals being endemic.
  • India’s biodiversity protection is governed by strong legal frameworks such as the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, which was amended in 2022 to extend protection to species listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) appendices.
  • The National Red List Assessment (NRLA) initiative aligns with IUCN global standards and India’s commitments under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF).
  • The initiative aims to create a nationally coordinated red-listing system that will support accurate assessment, conservation planning, and informed policy development.
  • The goal is to publish National Red Data Books for both flora and fauna by 2030, which will serve as a foundation for evidence-based conservation, development planning, and threat mitigation.
  • The project will be led by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), with ZSI and BSI as nodal agencies.
  • India’s NRLA will be one of the most comprehensive and collaborative national efforts, bringing together taxonomists, conservation biologists, and experts under a unified framework.
  • The initiative emphasizes the documentation of traditional knowledge and the precision of species identification, areas where ZSI and BSI have significant expertise.

India–UK Joint Statement Issued During UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s Visit to India

  • India and the United Kingdom (UK) issued a Joint Statement following the official visit of UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer to India.
  • This marked Sir Keir Starmer’s first visit to India, reciprocating Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the UK in July 2025, during which the India–UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) and the Vision 2035 Roadmap were signed.
  • Both leaders expressed satisfaction with the progress in economic cooperation and called for the early ratification of CETA to enhance trade and investment between the two nations.
  • The Joint Economic and Trade Committee (JETCO) was reactivated to oversee CETA’s implementation and ensure effective governance.
  • The CEO Forum, held alongside the Summit, saw participation from over 125 UK CEOs, entrepreneurs, and university heads, focusing on sectors such as clean energy, advanced manufacturing, defence and aerospace, science and innovation, and food and consumer goods.
  • The UK–India Infrastructure Financing Bridge (UKIIFB) was highlighted as a model for sustainable infrastructure collaboration.
  • Under the Technology Security Initiative (TSI), both nations announced major joint technology ventures, including:
    • Establishment of the India–UK Connectivity and Innovation Centre with £24 million funding for 6G, Non-Terrestrial Networks, and telecom cybersecurity.
    • Launch of the India–UK Joint Centre for Artificial Intelligence (AI) to promote ethical and scalable AI applications in health, climate, and fintech.
    • Creation of a Critical Minerals Collaboration Guild and Phase 2 of the Critical Minerals Observatory, with a satellite campus at the Indian Institute of Technology – Indian School of Mines (IIT–ISM) Dhanbad.
    • Biotechnology collaborations linking the Henry Royce Institute and Oxford Nanopore (UK) with Indian institutes to advance biomanufacturing, genomics, and 3D bioprinting.
  • Both countries agreed to expand defence and security cooperation, including:
    • Enhanced naval collaboration, continuation of Exercise KONKAN, and establishment of a Regional Maritime Security Centre of Excellence under the Indo-Pacific Oceans Initiative.
    • Integration of Indian Air Force instructors in Royal Air Force (RAF) training programmes.
    • Joint development of maritime electric propulsion systems.
    • Supply of Lightweight Multirole Missiles (LMM) under a government-to-government agreement, supporting the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.
    • Both leaders condemned terrorism, referencing the April 2025 terrorist attack in Pahalgam, and committed to enhanced counterterrorism cooperation, including intelligence sharing and financial tracking.
  • On climate and clean energy, both sides reaffirmed net-zero goals and launched:
    • The India–UK Climate Finance Initiative,
    • A Joint Climate Tech Start-up Fund,
    • A New Offshore Wind Taskforce, and
    • Collaboration through the Global Clean Power Alliance (GCPA) to promote AI-driven climate solutions and green investments.
  • In the field of education and cultural exchange, both leaders welcomed:
    • The opening of UK university campuses in India, including the University of Southampton in Gurugram, and upcoming campuses of the University of Liverpool, York, Aberdeen, and Bristol.
    • New campuses in GIFT City and approvals for Lancaster University in Bengaluru and the University of Surrey.
    • The launch of the first Ministerial Strategic Education Dialogue to institutionalize educational cooperation.
    • Reaffirmation of the Migration and Mobility Partnership (MMP) and appreciation of the Indian diaspora as a “living bridge” between both nations.
  • On regional and global issues, the two Prime Ministers:
    • Reiterated their commitment to a rules-based international order.
    • The UK reaffirmed support for India’s permanent seat in a reformed United Nations Security Council (UNSC).
    • Called for peace in Ukraine and welcomed global diplomatic efforts.
    • Supported the United States peace plan for Gaza, urging ceasefire, hostage release, and humanitarian aid access.
    • Reaffirmed commitment to Commonwealth reform, climate action, and youth engagement.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

California Becomes Third U.S. State to Declare Diwali an Official Holiday

  • The State of California in the United States has officially declared Diwali a state holiday, marking a historic recognition of Indian culture and heritage.
  • With this decision, California becomes the third U.S. state after Pennsylvania and Connecticut to grant official recognition and holiday status to the festival of lights.
  • The announcement was made after California Governor Gavin Newsom signed a bill introduced by Assembly Member Ash Kalra, recognizing Diwali as an official state holiday.
  • The legislation allows paid leave for state employees and enables schools and institutions to observe the festival.
  • The bill received strong support from community leaders, legislators, and advocacy organizations, promoting multicultural inclusivity and diversity in California’s governance.
  • The recognition of Diwali is a significant milestone for the Indian-American community, celebrating their cultural, social, and economic contributions to the United States.
  • The move reflects America’s commitment to multiculturalism, inclusivity, and religious diversity, acknowledging the importance of Hindu, Sikh, Jain, and Buddhist communities.
  • It also aims to increase awareness and understanding of Indian traditions and values among the broader American society.

Israel and Hamas Agree to First Phase of Gaza Ceasefire Brokered by U.S. President Donald Trump

  • In a major breakthrough for Middle East peace, Israel and Hamas have agreed to the first phase of a Gaza ceasefire, announced by the United States (US) President Donald Trump on October 9, 2025.
  • The agreement, brokered after peace talks in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, marks the most significant progress toward ending the Gaza war, which has caused tens of thousands of deaths.
  • The United States, Egypt, and Qatar acted as mediators, helping both sides finalize the initial peace framework.

Key Highlights :

  • Under the first phase, all Israeli hostages in Gaza will be released within days, following Israeli Cabinet approval.
  • Israeli forces will withdraw to a designated line inside Gaza to allow humanitarian access and temporary stability.
  • The plan ensures increased humanitarian aid flow, addressing shortages of food, medicine, and water in Gaza.
  • A prisoner exchange will take place, with Israel releasing Palestinian prisoners, including those serving long sentences, as a confidence-building measure.
  • The peace plan is described by President Trump as the “foundation of a lasting peace,” praising both sides for showing courage and vision.
  • The talks also discussed Israel’s full military withdrawal, Hamas’s disarmament, and the creation of a demilitarized humanitarian corridor monitored internationally.
  • The agreement is seen as a diplomatic victory for the U.S.-led mediation and a potential turning point in Middle East geopolitics.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: AWARDS AND HONOURS

Maria Corina Machado Awarded 2025 Nobel Peace Prize

  • Maria Corina Machado, a Venezuelan politician and activist, has been awarded the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize by the Norwegian Nobel Committee for her relentless efforts to defend democracy, human rights, and free elections in Venezuela.
  • Recognized for her leadership in achieving peaceful transition from authoritarian rule and promoting civilian courage and nonviolent resistance, Machado has become a symbol of hope for millions living under oppression.
  • She is the founder of Súmate, an organization dedicated to democratic development, and has consistently advocated for free and fair elections for over two decades.

Key Highlights

  • Machado played a unifying role in Venezuela’s divided opposition and actively engaged in the 2024 presidential elections, although she was blocked by the regime.
  • Her work promotes judicial independence, human rights, and popular representation, emphasizing that peace and democracy are interconnected.
  • Machado’s struggle under authoritarian threats, economic crisis, and personal risk highlights the challenges of defending freedom in repressive regimes.
  • Her recognition underscores the global significance of nonviolent democratic activism and inspires citizens worldwide to uphold democracy.
  • The international community acknowledges her role in strengthening transparent electoral processes and advancing civilian-led governance in Latin America.

India’s Sherry Singh Crowned Mrs Universe 2025 in Manila, Philippines

  • Sherry Singh made history by becoming the first-ever Indian to win the Mrs Universe crown at the 48th edition of Mrs Universe 2025, held at Okada, Manila, Philippines.
  • She triumphed over 120 contestants from around the world, showcasing grace, confidence, and advocacy focused on women’s empowerment and mental health awareness.
  • Her victory marks a historic milestone for India, reflecting the strength and elegance of Indian womanhood on a global platform.
  • Mrs Universe 2025 Results:
    • Winner: India – Sherry Singh
    • 1st Runner-up: Saint Petersburg
    • 2nd Runner-up: Philippines
    • 3rd Runner-up: Asia
    • 4th Runner-up: Russia
  • Other finalists included representatives from USA, Japan, Myanmar, Bulgaria, UAE, Africa, and Ukraine, highlighting the event’s international diversity.
  • The Mrs Universe pageant is one of the oldest global platforms for married women, celebrating beauty, intellect, leadership, and social impact.
  • The 2025 edition emphasized mental health awareness, community service, and global unity, aligning perfectly with Sherry Singh’s advocacy and values.
  • Sherry’s authenticity, compassion, and poise earned her admiration and respect, making her victory a symbol of empowerment and pride for India.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

India-Australia Sign Key Defence Agreements During Rajnath Singh’s Visit

  • India and Australia inked key defence agreements in Canberra during Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s visit, in the presence of Australia’s Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Richard Marles.
  • Both leaders reviewed the full spectrum of India-Australia defence collaboration, including defence industry, cyber defence, maritime security, and regional challenges.
  • They reaffirmed the importance of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between the two nations.
  • Both sides discussed opportunities for deeper defence industry partnerships and expanding operational collaboration between armed forces.
  • Richard Marles termed the agreements as a hugely significant step in strengthening the operational partnership between the Indian and Australian armed forces.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: RANKING AND INDEX

Top 10 Indian States with the Highest Number of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in 2025

  • India has established several Special Economic Zones (SEZs) to boost trade, attract foreign direct investment (FDI), and generate employment opportunities.
  • SEZs offer tax exemptions, simplified regulations, and world-class infrastructure to promote industrial growth and exports.
  • These zones function under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, administered by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.
  • Tamil Nadu leads the list in 2025 with the highest number of operational SEZs (51), followed by Telangana (38), Maharashtra (38), and Karnataka (37).

Key Benefits of SEZs

  • Tax exemptions on income, customs, and excise duties.
  • World-class infrastructure with reliable utilities and transport.
  • Single-window clearance for faster approvals.
  • Duty-free imports of raw materials and machinery.
  • Promotion of exports, FDI inflow, and job creation.

Top 10 Indian States with the Most Operational SEZs (2025)

Rank State/Union Territory Operational SEZs
1 Tamil Nadu 51
2 Telangana 38
3 Maharashtra 38
4 Karnataka 37
5 Andhra Pradesh 25
6 Gujarat 21
7 Kerala 20
8 Uttar Pradesh 14
9 Haryana 8
10 West Bengal 7

State-wise Highlights

  • Tamil Nadu – Tops the list with 51 SEZs, contributing nearly one-fifth of India’s total. Strong in IT, automobile, textile, and electronics sectors, with key hubs in Chennai and Coimbatore.
  • Telangana – Has 38 SEZs, primarily in Hyderabad, focusing on IT and pharmaceuticals. Government initiatives like T-Hub strengthen innovation and startups.
  • Maharashtra – Also has 38 SEZs, centered around Mumbai, Pune, and Nashik. Key industries include IT, manufacturing, and pharmaceuticals, supported by major ports like Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT).
  • Karnataka – With 37 SEZs, led by Bengaluru, it is a hub for technology, aerospace, and biotechnology, supported by proactive government policies for research and startups.
  • Andhra Pradesh – Has 25 SEZs, concentrated in Visakhapatnam and Srikakulam. Strong in pharmaceuticals, aquaculture, and engineering exports, benefiting from its coastal connectivity and industrial corridors.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

English Premier League Appoints Sanju Samson as Its Official Ambassador in India

  • The English Premier League (EPL) has appointed Indian cricketer Sanju Samson as its new official ambassador in India to expand the league’s presence and fan engagement across the country.
  • The 30-year-old wicketkeeper-batter, known for his aggressive batting and cheerful personality, will play a key role in promoting the world’s richest football league and connecting with Indian fans, according to the official release.
  • Sanju Samson attended a Premier League fan event in Mumbai along with former England and Liverpool striker Michael Owen, featuring fan-park screenings and community activities at the NESCO Centre.
  • Sanju is already associated with football as the brand ambassador of Kerala Blasters FC, a major club in the Indian Super League (ISL).
  • The EPL stated that Sanju’s appointment aims to inspire a new generation of Indian football fans and strengthen ties between cricket and football communities.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Indian Army Initiates Procurement of Indigenous ‘SAKSHAM’ Counter-Drone System to Strengthen Air Defence

  • The Indian Army has initiated the procurement of the indigenous ‘SAKSHAM’ Counter Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Grid), a command and control network designed to detect, track, identify, and neutralise enemy drones in real time.
  • SAKSHAM stands for Situational Awareness for Kinetic Soft and Hard Kill Assets Management, marking a major advancement in integrated airspace control.
  • The system was developed in collaboration with Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), Ghaziabad, and operates on the secure Army Data Network (ADN).
  • It provides a unified “Recognised UAS Picture” across the Tactical Battlefield Space (TBS), extending up to 3,000 metres (10,000 feet) above ground level.
  • The TBS concept evolved after Operation Sindoor, following increased drone incursions that highlighted the need for real-time airspace management.
  • SAKSHAM’s modular grid connects multiple counter-drone weapons and sensors, integrating data from radar and electro-optical systems for instant threat alerts and response.
  • It uses AI-driven threat analysis to automate decision-making and improve accuracy in neutralising aerial targets.
  • The system is fully indigenous, reflecting the army’s commitment to Atmanirbhar Bharat and self-reliance in defence technology.
  • Approved under the Fast Track Procurement (FTP) route, SAKSHAM is expected to be inducted within a year.
  • Once deployed, it will form the backbone of India’s Counter-UAS grid, integrating with air defence and surveillance systems for rapid drone threat response.
  • The initiative supports the Indian Army’s “Decade of Transformation (2023–2032)”, aimed at creating a digitally networked, technology-driven force.
  • SAKSHAM represents a strategic leap in multidimensional battlefield readiness, ensuring India’s technological edge in hybrid warfare.

INS Imphal Carries Out Passage Exercise With US Navy’s USS Gridley in the Arabian Sea

  • India and the United States (US) continue to maintain strong military cooperation despite trade-related tensions through regular joint exercises.
  • On September 29, 2025, INS Imphal and USS Gridley conducted a Passage Exercise (PASSEX) in the Arabian Sea, featuring tactical manoeuvres, cross-deck flying, and anti-piracy training.
  • The PASSEX followed Yudh Abhyas 2025, the 21st edition of the annual India–US Army drill held in Alaska, which focused on high-altitude and cold-weather operations.
  • Both exercises were aimed at enhancing interoperability and defence partnership between India and the US.
  • Looking ahead, the International Fleet Review and Milan 2026, India’s largest multinational maritime event, will be held in Visakhapatnam in February 2026 with US Navy participation and representation from 145 countries.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Ola Electric Becomes First Indian Two-Wheeler EV Maker to Get Government Nod for Indigenous Rare-Earth-Free Ferrite Motor

  • Ola Electric has become the first two-wheeler EV manufacturer in India to receive government certification for its in-house developed rare-earth-free ferrite motor, marking a major milestone in domestic EV innovation.
  • The achievement helps eliminate reliance on imported rare-earth permanent magnet motors, promoting self-reliance in electric vehicle manufacturing.
  • The Global Automotive Research Centre (GARC), Tamil Nadu, granted the certification after thorough evaluation.
  • The ferrite motor underwent rigorous performance verification and mandatory motor power tests under AIS 041 standards, as notified by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH).
  • AIS 041 is an Automotive Industry Standard issued by the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) under MoRTH, ensuring quality and performance compliance.
  • Test results confirmed that Ola’s ferrite motor delivers performance comparable to rare-earth permanent magnet motors for both 7 kW and 11 kW variants, validating its efficiency and technological capability.

Agnikul Cosmos announces plans to develop fully reusable rockets for cost-effective satellite launches

  • Agnikul Cosmos, a Chennai-based space startup, announced that its rockets will be fully reusable, ensuring that no part is expended or left behind, to offer satellite launch services at globally competitive prices.
  • The announcement was made at the International Astronautical Congress in Sydney, highlighting India’s growing role in the global private space sector.
  • Agnikul previously conducted its maiden sub-orbital test flight of the 3D-printed Agnibaan SOrTeD rocket last year and plans its first orbital launch soon.
  • The company holds multiple patents in India, the US, and Europe for innovations such as combined launch vehicle-satellite systems and semi-cryogenic propellants that enable cost-effective refurbishment and reuse.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

International Day of Girl Child will occur on October 11.

  • International Day of Girl Child will occur on October 11.
  • The need to address the issues girls confront, support girls’ empowerment, and ensure that their human rights are upheld are all highlighted by the International Day of the Girl Child.
  • The 2025 theme for the International Day of the Girl Child is “The girl I am, the change I lead: Girls on the frontlines of crisis”

History

  • A much-needed surge of international support for young girls was launched in 1995 when the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action highlighted the rights of girls.
  • It was the most forward-thinking action taken to promote equality and ensure better options for girls everywhere.
  • The International Day of the Girl Child was established by the United Nations General Assembly as a continuation of this.
  • Since that time in December 2012, the UN has worked to recognize the issues and obstacles that young girls face today.

Daily CA One- Liner: October 11

  • The Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration (LBSNAA), in collaboration with NITI Aayog under the State Support Mission, inaugurated the Viksit Bharat Strategy Room (VBSR) and presented the Use Case Challenge Awards under the NITI for States platform
  • Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi inaugurated the Global Fintech Fest 2025 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, welcoming international delegates, including UK Prime Minister H.E. Mr. Keir Starmer, highlighting India’s emergence as a global fintech and digital economy hub
  • The first-ever Vibrant Gujarat Regional Conference commenced in Mehsana, North Gujarat, under the vision of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Viksit Bharat @2047 initiative, aiming to extend the success of the Vibrant Gujarat Global Summit to all regions of the state
  • Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh, inaugurated the launch of India’s National Red List Roadmap at the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) World Conservation Congress held in Abu Dhabi
  • India and the United Kingdom (UK) issued a Joint Statement following the official visit of UK Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer to India
  • Maria Corina Machado, a Venezuelan politician and activist, has been awarded the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize by the Norwegian Nobel Committee for her relentless efforts to defend democracy, human rights, and free elections in Venezuela
  • Sherry Singh made history by becoming the first-ever Indian to win the Mrs Universe crown at the 48th edition of Mrs Universe 2025, held at Okada, Manila, Philippines
  • India and Australia inked key defence agreements in Canberra during Defence Minister Rajnath Singh’s visit, in the presence of Australia’s Deputy Prime Minister and Defence Minister Richard Marles.
  • India has established several Special Economic Zones (SEZs) to boost trade, attract foreign direct investment (FDI), and generate employment opportunities.
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been conducting public awareness campaigns through print, television, radio, digital platforms, and text messages under the ‘RBI Kehta Hai’ (RBI Says)
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched a pilot linkage between the FX-Retail platform of Clearcorp Dealing Systems (India) Limited. and the Bharat Bill Payment System (Bharat Connect) to enable individual bank customers to register and transact through digital channels and Third Party Application Providers (TPAPs).
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued draft Directions on October 1, 2025, seeking public and stakeholder feedback on two key areas — Capital Charge for Credit Risk – Standardised Approach and Asset Classification, Provisioning and Income Recognition.
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has expanded the scope of the Reserve Bank – Integrated Ombudsman Scheme (RB-IOS), 2021, using powers under Section 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of ₹31.80 lakh on American Express Banking Corp. on October 1, 2025, for non-compliance with certain provisions of the RBI (Credit Card and Debit Card – Issuance and Conduct) Directions, 2022.
  • SBI Mutual Fund launched its first investment strategy under the Specialized Investment Fund (SIF) framework, named Magnum Hybrid Long Short Fund.
  • Globally, real-time account-to-account (A2A) payments make up nearly 25% of all retail digital transactions.
  • The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed Authorised Dealer Category-I (AD) banks to expand the use of balances held in Special Rupee Vostro Accounts (SRVAs).
  • The State of California in the United States has officially declared Diwali a state holiday, marking a historic recognition of Indian culture and heritage.
  • In a major breakthrough for Middle East peace, Israel and Hamas have agreed to the first phase of a Gaza ceasefire, announced by the United States (US) President Donald Trump on October 9, 2025.
  • The English Premier League (EPL) has appointed Indian cricketer Sanju Samson as its new official ambassador in India to expand the league’s presence and fan engagement across the country.
  • The Indian Army has initiated the procurement of the indigenous ‘SAKSHAM’ Counter Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Grid), a command and control network designed to detect, track, identify, and neutralise enemy drones in real time.
  • India and the United States (US) continue to maintain strong military cooperation despite trade-related tensions through regular joint exercises.
  • Ola Electric has become the first two-wheeler EV manufacturer in India to receive government certification for its in-house developed rare-earth-free ferrite motor, marking a major milestone in domestic EV innovation.
  • Agnikul Cosmos, a Chennai-based space startup, announced that its rockets will be fully reusable, ensuring that no part is expended or left behind, to offer satellite launch services at globally competitive prices.
  • International Day of Girl Child will occur on October 11

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