Daily Current Affairs 05th December 2025 | Latest News | Download PDF

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CURRENT AFFAIRS : BANKING, FINANCE & BUSINESS

India’s Foreign Direct Investments Rises 18% to USD 35.18 bn in Apr–Sep FY26, US Investments More Than Double: Ministry of Commerce & Industry

• The DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade) under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry released the quarterly fact sheet on Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) inflow in India.

Key Highlights :

• FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) rose 18% to USD 35.18 bn during April–September FY26, and FDI from the USA more than doubled to USD 6.62 bn in the same period.
• During April–September FY25, FDI inflows were USD 29.79 bn, indicating a significant year-on-year rise.
• In the second quarter (July–September) of FY26, FDI inflows increased 21% YoY to USD 16.55 bn.
• Total FDI, including equity inflows, reinvested earnings, and other capital, reached ~USD 50 bn in the first half of FY26, compared to USD 42.3 bn in FY25.
• Computer Software & Hardware attracted the highest FDI at ~USD 9 bn, followed by the Services sector with USD 5 bn and Trading with USD 2.78 bn during April–September 2025.
• Singapore was the largest FDI source in April–September 2025 with USD 11.94 bn, followed by the USA (USD 6.2 bn), Mauritius (USD 3.47 bn), UAE (USD 2.33 bn), and Cayman Islands (USD 1.83 bn).
• For the long period April 2000–September 2025, Singapore (USD 186.82 bn) remained the top investor, followed by Mauritius (USD 183.66 bn) and the USA (USD 77.27 bn).
• Maharashtra received the highest state-wise FDI during April–September 2025 at USD 10.57 bn, followed by Karnataka (USD 9.4 bn), Tamil Nadu – TN (USD 3.57 bn), Haryana (USD 3.22 bn), and Gujarat (USD 2.24 bn).

About DPIIT :

• Established : 1995
• Headquarters : New Delhi, Delhi
• Secretary : Amardeep Singh Bhatia.

Reserve Bank of India Approves Razorpay as Cross-Border Payment Aggregator under PSS Act 2007

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved Razorpay to operate as a Payment Aggregator – Cross Border Inward & Outward (PA-CB-I&O) under the Payment and Settlement Systems (PSS) Act, 2007.
• The PA-CB licence mandates strict compliance with KYC (Know Your Customer), AML (Anti-Money Laundering), secure payment flows, export documentation, and settlement timelines.
• With this approval, Razorpay can now process international payments, enabling Indian businesses to receive payments from global customers and allowing foreign companies to pay or operate in India through Razorpay.
• Razorpay, founded in 2014 by Harshil Mathur and Shashank Kumar, offers digital financial solutions including Payment Gateway, RazorpayX (neo-banking), Razorpay Capital, Subscriptions & Recurring Payments, Smart Collect, Payment Links, and Payment Pages.

Recent News :

• In Nov 2025, Paytm Payments Services Limited (PPSL), a subsidiary of One97 Communications, received the Certificate of Authorisation (COA) from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to operate as a Payment Aggregator (PA) under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act (PSSA), 2007.

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development Maintains India’s FY26 GDP Growth Projection at 6.7%

• The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) released its bi-annual report “OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2025 Issue 2: Resilient Growth but with Increasing Fragilities”, prepared by the OECD Economics Department.
• OECD retained India’s GDP forecast for FY26 at 6.7%, indicating stable economic outlook despite global uncertainties.
• OECD stated that higher U.S. tariffs will weigh on India’s exports and investments, while private consumption will remain supported by rising real incomes, monetary easing, and strong public capital expenditure.
• For future years, OECD retained India’s GDP projection for FY27 at 6.2% and expects it to rise to 6.4% in FY28.
• OECD projected India’s retail inflation to fall by 100 bps to 1.9% in FY26 and by 50 bps to 3.4% in FY27, aligning with the RBI’s 4% inflation target band.
• The report noted that India’s retail inflation fell to a record-low of 0.25% in October 2025, helped by lower food prices and a favourable base effect.
• OECD indicated that if inflation stays within target and expectations remain stable, India’s policy rate may gradually fall toward 5% by FY27.
• India’s fiscal deficit is projected to be 4.5% in FY26, slightly higher than the GoI target of 4.4% for the year.
• At the global level, OECD projected global GDP growth at 3.2% in CY25, expected to soften to 2.9% in CY26 and improve marginally to 3.1% in CY27.

Recent News :

• In Nov 2025, the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 8.2% in Q2 FY 2025–26, driven by strong performance in the manufacturing, secondary, and tertiary sectors.

About OECD :

• Established : 1961
• Headquarters : Paris, France
• Secretary-General : Mathias Cormann.

Reserve Bank of India Reaffirms SBI, HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank as Domestic Systemically Important Banks

• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced that State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, and ICICI Bank will continue as Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs) for 2025, retaining the same bucketing structure as in 2024.

Key Highlights :

• SBI must maintain an additional Common Equity Tier-1 (CET-1) capital buffer of 0.80% of its Risk-Weighted Assets (RWAs), while HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank must maintain 0.40% and 0.20% CET-1 buffers, respectively.
• The 2025 D-SIB list is based on data as of 31 March 2025.
• The RBI’s D-SIB Framework, first issued in July 2014 and updated in December 2023, mandates annual disclosure of D-SIB banks and their classification into systemic importance buckets.
• D-SIBs carry an additional CET-1 surcharge over Basel-III requirements, depending on their assigned bucket.
• Banks designated as D-SIBs are considered “Too Big to Fail (TBTF)”, assessed based on size, complexity, substitutability (including value and volume of rupee payments), and interconnectedness with the financial system.
• SBI became India’s first D-SIB in 2015, followed by ICICI Bank in 2016 and HDFC Bank in 2017.
• Banks are selected as D-SIBs if their size exceeds 2% of India’s GDP, after which they are evaluated on Size, Interconnectedness, Lack of substitutes, and Complexity.
• Foreign banks with Indian branches are categorised as Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs) and must maintain additional CET-1 capital surcharge in India proportional to their RWAs.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : INTERNATIONAL NEWS

Kerala’s 100-Year-Old ULCCS Recognised as Global Cooperative Cultural Heritage Site by International Co-operative Alliance

• The Uralungal Labour Contract Cooperative Society (ULCCS), a 100-year-old labour cooperative in Kerala, has been recognised as a Global Cooperative Cultural Heritage Site by the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA).
• The announcement was made at Itamaraty Palace, Brazil, placing ULCCS among 31 globally significant cooperative heritage sites.
• India now has two sites on the inaugural global list: ULCCS and the Dr Verghese Kurien Museum (Amul), Anand.
• The 31 founding sites span 25 countries, including Rochdale (UK), Federation of Southern Cooperatives (USA), and Moshi Co-operative University (Tanzania).
• ICA also launched the world’s first Cooperative Cultural Heritage Platform and Global Map, showcasing cooperative legacies worldwide, including ULCCS.
• Founded in 1925, ULCCS employs over 18,000 workers, has a turnover of ₹2,334 crore, and is globally known for ethical labour practices, engineering excellence, and projects like UL Cyberpark.

About International Co-operative Alliance :

• Founded : 1895
• Headquarters : Brussels, Belgium
• President : Ariel Guarco
• Director General : Jeroen Douglas
• Members : more than 300 organisations

CURRENT AFFAIRS: NATIONAL AND STATE NEWS

Tamil Nadu Receives Five New Geographical Indications (GI) Tags

• Five products from Tamil Nadu have received the Geographical Indications (GI) tag, recognising their uniqueness, heritage value, and regional identity.
• The newly recognised items include:
  1. Woraiyur Cotton Sari
  2. Kavindapadi Nattu Sakkarai (Traditional Jaggery Powder)
  3. Namakkal Soapstone Cookware (Makkal Pathirangal)
  4. Thooyamalli Rice (Traditional Rice Variety)
  5. Ambasamudram Choppu Saman (Wooden Toys)
• With this addition, Tamil Nadu now holds 74 Geographical Indications (GI)-tagged products, making it one of the leading States in India for certified traditional products.
• A Geographical Indication (GI) Tag is an Intellectual Property Right (IPR) protection granted to products that originate from a specific geographical region and have qualities, characteristics, or reputations inherently linked to that location.
• The GI tag supports:

• • Protection of brand identity
  • Increase in market value
  • Cultural and heritage preservation
  • Economic benefits to farmers, artisans, and rural communities

• The applications for these recognitions were filed on behalf of producers by Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) attorney P. Sanjai Gandhi, providing legal support to safeguard traditional crafts and agricultural heritage.
• The five newly certified products highlight Tamil Nadu’s strong legacy in textiles, agriculture, handcrafts, and traditional culinary items.
• The recognition strengthens efforts to promote heritage-based industries, rural sustainability, and export potential, reinforcing Tamil Nadu’s position as a major contributor to India’s cultural and craft identity.

About Tamil Nadu:

• Capital: Chennai
• Chief Minister: M.K. Stalin
• Governor: R.N. Ravi
• National Parks: Mudumalai National Park, Mukurthi National Park, Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, Indira Gandhi (Anamalai) National Park, Guindy National Park
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary, Vettangudi Bird Sanctuary, Kalakad Wildlife Sanctuary, Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary, Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary, Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary

RECENT NEWS

• In a major stride towards strengthening India’s maritime infrastructure, Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Government of Tamil Nadu to explore the development of a world-class greenfield shipyard on the country’s eastern coast.

National Symposium on NAKSHA and LandStack Held in New Delhi

• The Department of Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Development, organised a National Symposium on NAKSHA and LandStack at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
• The event was conducted under GeoSmart India 2025 to accelerate the adoption of modern geospatial technology for improving urban land records management and enhancing citizen services.

Key Highlights:

• The symposium brought together government authorities, technical experts, and industry professionals to discuss building a transparent, digital, and futuristic land administration system in India.
• A major review took place on the progress of the NAKSHA Pilot Programme, which involves advanced aerial mapping and feature extraction technology to map 157+ Indian cities.
• Challenges discussed included crowded urban infrastructure, data validation between aerial imagery and ground information, and updating legacy land records using modern digital surveys.
• The event emphasised the development of LandStack, a unified digital platform designed to integrate cadastral maps, land records, and geospatial data layers.
• Experts stressed the need for national standardisation and a federated data-sharing model to enable seamless coordination among States and government departments.
• The proposed UrPro (Urban Property) Card was discussed as a single trusted digital property document.
• It is aimed at simplifying property registration, mutation, building permissions, and property tax processes and providing secured, transferable, and verified ownership rights.
• Participants observed technology demonstrations featuring Web Geographic Information System (WebGIS), Cloud Services, Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI/ML) analytics, and 3D mapping.
• These technologies are expected to improve speed, accuracy, interoperability, and accountability in urban land governance.
• The symposium aligns with the Government of India’s Whole-of-Government approach under the vision of Viksit Bharat, with the goal of transforming traditional land governance into a citizen-centric, transparent, efficient, and fully digital ecosystem.

About Delhi:

• Chief Minister: Rekha Gupta
• Lieutenant Governor: Vinai Kumar Saxena
• Capital: New Delhi
• Wildlife Sanctuaries: Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary, Yamuna Biodiversity Park, Aravalli Biodiversity Park

RECENT NEWS

• India has announced it will host the Global Big Cats Summit in New Delhi in 2026, showcasing its leadership in wildlife conservation and climate action.

Prime Minister’s Office Renamed to Seva Teerth

• The Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) is slated to be renamed Seva Teerth.
• The renaming aims to reflect citizen-first governance, emphasising service (Seva) and responsibility rather than authority.
• The new name signals that the Prime Minister’s Office is a place of public service where national priorities are shaped with people at the centre.

Key Highlights:

• Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, multiple institutional names have been changed to promote values like Kartavya (Duty), Seva (Service) and transparency.
• The proposed name Seva Teerth symbolises a workplace dedicated to service, not just governance.
• The renaming is part of a broader movement including:
  • Raj Bhavans renamed as Lok Bhavans to reflect public-centric governance.
  • The Prime Minister’s residence renamed to Lok Kalyan Marg in 2016.
  • Rajpath renamed as Kartavya Path to highlight duty over power.
  • The Central Secretariat renamed to Kartavya Bhavan.
• The shift highlights an ideological change in governance, focusing on:
  • Responsibility over power
  • Service over status
  • People over positions
• These renamings collectively move towards a governance identity based on public welfare and democratic values rather than hierarchy or authority.

Indira Gandhi International Airport Becomes India’s First Water-Positive Airport

• Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport, Delhi has been recognised as India’s first water-positive airport among airports handling over 40 million passengers annually.

Key Highlights

• The recognition was awarded at the Water Innovation Summit 2025 under the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog) – Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) Water Neutrality Framework.
• Being water-positive means the airport replenishes more freshwater than it consumes through rainwater harvesting, recycling and conservation systems.
• Major water infrastructure at IGI includes:
  • 625 rainwater harvesting structures
  • Two underground reservoirs with 9-million-litre total storage capacity
  • A 16.6 million litres per day (MLD) zero-liquid-discharge Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)
• Recycled water at IGI is used for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), landscape irrigation and toilet flushing, helping reduce dependence on municipal supply.
• Smart systems such as drip irrigation, automated sprinklers and real-time water monitoring have been deployed to ensure efficient use and minimise wastage.
• Delhi International Airport Limited (DIAL) stated that this milestone strengthens climate resilience and supports the airport’s long-term commitment to becoming a net-zero emissions airport.
• This achievement positions IGI Airport as a national model for sustainable airport infrastructure and responsible resource management under India’s environmental and climate stewardship goals.

India Hosts the 18th Plenary Meeting of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes

• India inaugurated the 18th Plenary Meeting of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes in New Delhi, held from 2–5 December 2025.
• The theme of the meeting is “Tax Transparency: Delivering a Shared Vision Through International Cooperation.”

Key Highlights

• The Global Forum is the world’s largest platform focused on promoting tax transparency and preventing tax evasion, with 172 member jurisdictions.
• Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated the event and welcomed global delegates.
• The finance minister called for deeper international cooperation, especially as economies become more digital. She stressed that global trust has economic value and must be protected.
• The plenary is the main decision-making platform of the Global Forum, where all members participate on an equal basis. Key focus areas include:
  • Exchange of Information on Request (EOIR)
  • Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI)
• The meeting will also review progress on peer reviews, regional initiatives across Africa, Asia, and Latin America, and discussions on crypto-asset reporting and risk management.
• India has been a member of the Global Forum since 2009 and holds key roles in the Steering Group and Peer Review Groups.
• India also co-chaired the Asia Initiative during 2023–24 and has supported developing countries through training and capacity-building.
• India reaffirmed its commitment to building a fair, transparent, and inclusive global tax system.
• During its G20 Presidency in 2023, India advocated for wider participation of developing economies in AEOI under the Common Reporting Standard (CRS).
• The ongoing plenary will focus on improving implementation of tax standards, strengthening administrative capacity, and ensuring all countries — irrespective of economic size — benefit from tax transparency.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: MOUS AND AGREEMENT

National Highways Authority of India Signs MoU with Reliance Jio to Launch Mobile-Based Highway Safety Alert System

• The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has signed an MoU with Reliance Jio to introduce a new mobile-based highway safety alert system for travellers.
• The system will use Jio’s 4G and 5G network to send real-time warnings to drivers approaching danger zones, with the aim of reducing road accidents and improving highway safety.
• Alerts will be delivered directly to users through SMS, WhatsApp messages, and high-priority calls, ensuring they receive timely notifications even while driving.
• The alerts will warn drivers about:
  • Accident-prone zones
  • Areas with stray animals
  • Fog-affected stretches
  • Emergency diversions or road blockages
• The system will be integrated in phases with NHAI’s existing digital platforms, including:
  • Rajmargyatra mobile app
  • Highway emergency helpline 1033
• No new roadside equipment is required, as the system will operate using Jio’s existing telecom infrastructure, making the rollout cost-effective and quick.
• The alert system will be available to all Jio mobile users travelling on or near National Highways, covering a large user base of over 500 million subscribers.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

Aparna Garg Takes Over as Railway Board’s Member (Finance)

• Aparna Garg, a 1987-batch IRAS officer, assumed charge as Member (Finance), Railway Board on 01 December 2025.
• She is a senior civil servant with over 36 years of experience in financial administration within Indian Railways.
• Previously served as Divisional Railway Manager (DRM), Mysore, overseeing operations, safety, revenue, and public interface.
• Held the role of Principal Financial Advisor (PFA), Rail Wheel Factory, guiding financial management, budgeting, and cost optimisation.
• She served as Director General, Indian Railways Institute of Financial Management (IRIFM), leading capacity-building and training programmes in railway finance.
• Her appointment is expected to strengthen the Railway Board’s financial planning, investment strategy, modernisation, and infrastructure development.
• She is regarded as one of the foremost financial administrators in the Government of India.

About Ministry of Railways :

• Cabinet Minister : Ashwini Vaishnaw
• Minister of State : V. Somanna,Ravneet Singh Bittu
• Chairman & CEO, Railway Board : Satish Kumar

Abhishek Sharma Named New Brand Ambassador of DP World Alongside Sachin Tendulkar and Tommy Fleetwood

• DP World appointed Abhishek Sharma as its new brand ambassador, joining Sachin Tendulkar and Tommy Fleetwood.
• Sharma was chosen after an outstanding year, where he broke the record for most runs in a single T20I Asia Cup edition with 314 runs and won Player of the Tournament.
• His strong performances propelled him to 1 in ICC Men’s T20I Batter Rankings with the highest rating ever recorded.
• Under the long-term partnership, Sharma will represent DP World in brand campaigns, media events, and digital content.

Nagpur University Names Manali Makarand Kshirsagar as Its First Woman Vice-Chancellor Since 1923

• Nagpur University has appointed Manali Makarand Kshirsagar as its first woman vice-chancellor since its establishment in 1923, marking a historic leadership milestone.
• The appointment was announced by Maharashtra Governor and University Chancellor Acharya Devvrat, with Kshirsagar’s five-year tenure set to begin immediately.
• She currently serves as Director-Technical and Adviser at Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, providing her with extensive administrative and technical experience.
• The appointment emphasizes gender-inclusive leadership and aligns with modernisation of academic operations, including digital learning infrastructure.
• Kshirsagar is expected to drive academic innovation, institutional efficiency, transparent governance, and student-centric initiatives.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : DEFENCE NEWS

Bharat Dynamics Limited Bags ₹2,461.62 Crore Defence Contracts from Indian Army via Emergency Procurement

• Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) secured additional defence contracts worth ₹2,461.62 crore from the Indian Army (IA) through an emergency procurement
• The order includes supply of Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGMs) and Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAMs).
• ATGMs will be executed over 42 months and will enhance the firepower of T-90 tanks used in mechanized regiments.
• SAMs are scheduled for completion within 12 months, boosting India’s air defence capabilities.
• The procurement supports the Government of India’s (GoI) efforts to meet operational requirements of the Indian Army.
• The project leverages BDL’s expertise as a Defence Public Sector Undertaking (DPSU) in strategic weapon systems.

About Bharat Dynamics Limited :

• Establishment: 1970
• Headquarters: Hyderabad, Telangana
• Chairman & MD : Commodore A Madhavarao
• Ownership: Government of India (approximately 74.93%)
• Parent ministry: Ministry of Defence
• Primary objective: To be a manufacturing base for guided missile systems and to help India achieve self-reliance in high-tech weapon systems

Indian Army Successfully Carries Out Combat Test-Firing of BrahMos Supersonic Cruise Missile

• The Indian Army (IA) Southern Command conducted a successful combat launch of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from a test range in the Bay of Bengal, accurately striking its target and reaffirming India’s long-range precision strike capability and operational readiness.
• The launch was executed by a BrahMos unit of Southern Command in coordination with the Tri-Services Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC), validating joint-services operational synergy.

Key Highlights :

• BrahMos is a supersonic cruise missile developed by BrahMos Aerospace, a joint venture between DRDO (India) and NPO Mashinostroyeniya (NPOM) (Russia).
• The missile supports multi-platform launch capability, meaning it can be fired from land, sea, sub-sea (submarines), and air platforms against both surface and sea targets.
• The BrahMos missile has attracted global export interest of around USD 450 million, and the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has approved new orders for the Indian Navy (IN) and Indian Air Force (IAF).
• The test validated key technologies including supersonic cruise at Mach 2.8–3.5, sea-skimming flight at 10 m altitude, and pinpoint target engagement using an indigenous INS/GPS system combined with an active radar seeker.
• Missile specifications include 2-stage propulsion (solid booster + liquid ramjet), range of 290–650 km (extended variants up to 800-900 km), 200–300 kg warhead, fire-and-forget guidance, and low Radar Cross Section (RCS) stealth features.
• BrahMos, named after the Brahmaputra and Moskva rivers, was first tested on 12 June 2001 at the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur, Odisha, and is now deployed across the IA, IN, and IAF.

About Indian Army :

• Established: 1895
• Headquarters: New Delhi, Delhi
• Chief of the Army : General Upendra Dwivedi
• Motto: “Seva Paramo Dharma” (Service Before Self)

India to Commission INS Aridhaman, Third Indigenously Built Nuclear Submarine

• India is preparing to commission INS Aridhaman, its third indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), enhancing the nation’s sea-based nuclear deterrent.
• INS Aridhaman has entered the final phase of trials, with induction expected soon, as confirmed by Navy Chief Admiral Dinesh K. Tripathi.
• The submarine follows INS Arighaat and joins INS Arihant, enabling India to operate three ballistic missile submarines simultaneously, strengthening second-strike capability under its nuclear doctrine.

Key Highlights :

• INS Aridhaman has an improved design, capable of carrying more long-range nuclear-capable missiles, with enhanced endurance and survivability.
• A fourth submarine in the series is under construction, further expanding India’s strategic depth.
• Admiral Tripathi highlighted Indian Navy initiatives such as the Indian Ocean Ship Sagar and Africa-India Key Maritime Exercise, involving nine regional and African partner nations, promoting cooperation and shared maritime practices.
• The Navy expects to receive four Rafale fighter jets by 2029 and is advancing Project 75 India, aimed at acquiring six advanced submarines.
• INS Aridhaman is equipped to carry longer-range missiles, significantly enhancing strike capability and survivability in line with India’s nuclear doctrine.
• The submarine will form a trio of Arihant-class SSBNs along with INS Arihant and INS Arighaat, the latter commissioned in August 2024 in Visakhapatnam.
• Recent naval inductions include INS Vaghsheer, commissioned in January 2025, and INS Uday Giri, the 100th indigenously designed warship by the Navy’s Warship Design Bureau.

About INS Aridhaman :

• It is being constructed at the Ship Building Centre, Visakhapatnam.
• The submarine has a displacement capacity of 6,000 tonnes on the surface and 7,000 tonnes submerged.
• INS Aridhaman is powered by an 83 MW pressurized water reactor supplied by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
• INS Arihant was the first vessel under the Strategic Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarine (SSBN) project.
• INS Arihant is India’s first indigenously built nuclear submarine, launched in July 2009 and commissioned in 2016.
• The Navy’s second indigenous SSBN, INS Arighaat, was commissioned in August 2024.

CURRENT AFFAIRS : SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Defence Research and Development Organization Successfully Tests High-Speed Rocket-Sled Emergency Escape System for Fighter Aircraft at RTRS Chandigarh

• The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), successfully conducted a high-speed rocket-sled test of a fighter aircraft emergency escape system at the Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility, TBRL (Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory) Chandigarh, Haryana, under the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
• The test achieved a controlled velocity of 800 km/h and validated canopy severance, ejection sequencing, and full aircrew recovery, placing India among the few nations capable of advanced in-house escape system testing.

Key Highlights :

• A dual-sled configuration carrying the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas fore-body was used to simulate realistic flight conditions for the escape system test.
• An instrumented Anthropomorphic Test Dummy (ATD) acted as a pilot, measuring loads, accelerations, and moments during the ejection sequence.
• The Canopy Severance System (CSS) successfully blew off the canopy at high speed, followed by correct seat ejection and parachute deployment, confirming safe ejection performance.
• The test dummy experienced forces within safe physiological limits, confirming the escape system’s effectiveness for pilot safety.
• High-precision onboard and ground-based imaging recorded the entire sequence, including the canopy fragilisation pattern and timing of events.
• The test was conducted with collaboration from HAL and ADA and witnessed by officials of the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM).
• A high-speed rocket-sled test simulates extreme conditions like rapid acceleration/deceleration for validating escape systems, crew safety, and vehicle R&D on a ground-based setup.

About DRDO :

• Headquarters : New Delhi, Delhi
• Director General : DG Dr. Samir V. Kamat.
• Established : 1958 through the merger of various defence R&D establishments, with D.S. Kothari as the first Director-General (DG).
• DRDO is fully owned and funded by the Government of India

Indian Institute of Technology Madras Launches India’s First Homegrown Vessel Traffic Management System for Ports

• Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) researchers developed and deployed India’s first indigenous Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) for ports.
• The system was fully designed by the National Technology Centre for Ports, Waterways and Coasts (NTCPWC) based on requirements from the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoSPW), Government of India.
• The indigenous VTMS boosts indigenisation in the maritime sector and reduces dependence on imported technologies.
• In 2020, the Shipping Ministry sanctioned ₹10 crore to IIT Madras for developing the software.
• The system was first implemented at Vizhinjam International Seaport Limited (VISL), Kerala, inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2nd May 2025, with other ports considering deployment.
• The system provides full strategic control over source code, databases, and solution aspects to the Government of India, enhancing technical know-how and manpower development.
• The VTMS is scalable and can be enhanced to meet evolving port requirements and incorporate global best practices.
• The indigenous system removes vendor lock-in, reduces foreign exchange expenditure, and lowers dependency on foreign/private solution providers.
• Deployment is cost-effective, secure, and requires minimal maintenance, with potential for expansion to more ports with enhanced capabilities.

Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences Launches Second Edition of Flagship Industry–Research Initiative SIDDHI 2.0 in Vijayawada

• The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), under the Ministry of Ayush, launched the second edition of its flagship industry–research interface initiative, SIDDHI 2.0 in Vijayawada.
• SIDDHI 2.0 stands for Scientific Innovation in Drug Development, Healthcare & Integration.
• The two-day national conclave was organized by the Regional Ayurveda Research Institute (RARI), Vijayawada, in collaboration with the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), Vijayawada Zone.
• The conclave aims to promote research-led product development, indigenous technology, accelerated translational pathways, and industry partnerships in Ayurveda.
• CCRAS released the publication “Evolution of Ayurveda, Siddha & Unani Drug Regulations in India” and launched the Drug Inventory Management System portal during the event.
• Over 150 Ayurvedic formulations have been validated by CCRAS, and the council supports industry-friendly policies including IPR sharing and start-up collaborations.
• SIDDHI 2.0 builds on the momentum of PRAGATI-2024 (Pharma Research in Ayurgan and Techno-Innovation) and marks a strategic shift in India’s Ayush innovation agenda.

About Ministry of Ayush :

• Minister of State : Prataprao Ganpatrao Jadhav

CURRENT AFFAIRS: SPORTS NEWS

India Wins Silver at Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025

• The Indian men’s hockey team won the silver medal at the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025 held in Malaysia.
• India lost 1-0 to Belgium in the final played in Ipoh.
• Belgium, ranked World No. 3, won their first-ever Sultan Azlan Shah Cup title.
• The winning goal was scored by Thibeau Stockbroekx in the 34th minute.
• This was Belgium’s second appearance in the tournament after finishing sixth in 2008.
• India, ranked World No. 7, returned to the tournament after six years. This was India’s second consecutive runners-up finish, following the final loss to South Korea in 2019. India has won the tournament five times, last in 2010, and remains the second-most successful team, behind Australia (10 titles).
• In the final match, Belgium dominated early play and created more attacking chances.
• Indian goalkeepers Shashikumar Mohith Honnenahalli and Pawan made key saves to prevent further goals. A goal by Tom Boon was disallowed for dangerous play.
• India attempted a comeback after conceding but missed a penalty corner and narrowly avoided conceding again.
• Despite strong efforts in the final minutes, Belgium maintained their lead until full time.
• In the bronze medal match, New Zealand defeated host Malaysia 6-1, claiming third place in the 2025 edition of the tournament.

CURRENT AFFAIRS: IMPORTANT DAYS

World Soil Day 2025 Observed on 5 December

• World Soil Day 2025 is observed on 5 December to raise awareness about the importance of healthy soil and sustainable soil management.
• The theme for World Soil Day 2025 is “Healthy Soils for Healthy Cities”, highlighting the critical role soil plays in supporting sustainable urban environments.
• Soil is essential for life as it provides food, medicinal resources, and filters natural water through its layers. Despite its importance, soil is often taken for granted.
• Soil formation is an extremely slow process. It takes 200 to 400 years to form just 1 centimetre of soil, and nearly 3,000 years to create fertile soil, making its protection crucial for agriculture and food security.
• In 2002, the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) proposed establishing a dedicated global observance to promote soil conservation awareness.
• The initiative was led by the Kingdom of Thailand under the late King Bhumibol Adulyadej, whose commitment helped drive global recognition of soil as a vital natural resource.
• The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) supported the formal establishment of the observance at the international level.
• In 2014, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially designated 5 December as World Soil Day, marking its first global celebration during the 68th United Nations General Assembly session.
• The observance continues to promote sustainable land use practices, soil conservation, and awareness of declining soil health across the world.

International Volunteer Day 2025 Observed on 5 December

• International Volunteer Day 2025, also known as International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development 2025, is observed globally on 5 December.
• The 2025 observance holds added importance as it marks the global launch of the International Year of Volunteers for Sustainable Development (IVY 2026).
• The theme for International Volunteer Day 2025 is “Every Contribution Matters”, recognising the impact of individual and collective voluntary actions.
• The day is observed to acknowledge the contribution of volunteers in transforming societies, economies, and the environment by promoting positive change in mindsets, attitudes, and behaviors.
• Volunteerism originated in Europe, initially supporting elderly people through church-related services and aid for the poor.
• Organized volunteering began during the 18th Century, mainly associated with military services rather than community support.
• Several global organisations such as the Red Cross, Lions Club, Rotary Club, and Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) played a major role in expanding community service, mobilising volunteers, and conducting charity activities.
• In 1985, the United Nations Volunteers Programme (UNV) began coordinating the observance of International Volunteer Day annually on 5 December.
• Volunteerism continues to be an important tool for enabling a peaceful, inclusive, and sustainable world.
• The day aims to encourage widespread participation in community service, humanitarian support, and voluntary action to strengthen social development globally.

Daily CA One- Liner: December 5^th

• The DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade) under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry released the quarterly fact sheet on Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) inflow in India.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved Razorpay to operate as a Payment Aggregator – Cross Border Inward & Outward (PA-CB-I&O) under the Payment and Settlement Systems (PSS) Act, 2007.
• The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) released its bi-annual report “OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2025 Issue 2: Resilient Growth but with Increasing Fragilities”, prepared by the OECD Economics Department.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced that State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, and ICICI Bank will continue as Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs) for 2025, retaining the same bucketing structure as in 2024.
• The Uralungal Labour Contract Cooperative Society (ULCCS), a 100-year-old labour cooperative in Kerala, has been recognised as a Global Cooperative Cultural Heritage Site by the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA).
• Aparna Garg, a 1987-batch IRAS officer, assumed charge as Member (Finance), Railway Board on 01 December 2025.
• DP World appointed Abhishek Sharma as its new brand ambassador, joining Sachin Tendulkar and Tommy Fleetwood.
• Nagpur University has appointed Manali Makarand Kshirsagar as its first woman vice-chancellor since its establishment in 1923, marking a historic leadership milestone.
• Bharat Dynamics Limited (BDL) secured additional defence contracts worth ₹2,461.62 crore from the Indian Army (IA) through an emergency procurement
• The Indian Army (IA) Southern Command conducted a successful combat launch of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from a test range in the Bay of Bengal, accurately striking its target and reaffirming India’s long-range precision strike capability and operational readiness.
• India is preparing to commission INS Aridhaman, its third indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), enhancing the nation’s sea-based nuclear deterrent.
• The Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), successfully conducted a high-speed rocket-sled test of a fighter aircraft emergency escape system at the Rail Track Rocket Sled (RTRS) facility, TBRL (Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory) Chandigarh, Haryana, under the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
• Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) researchers developed and deployed India’s first indigenous Vessel Traffic Management System (VTMS) for ports.
• The Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), under the Ministry of Ayush, launched the second edition of its flagship industry–research interface initiative, SIDDHI 2.0 in Vijayawada.
• Five products from Tamil Nadu have received the Geographical Indications (GI) tag, recognising their uniqueness, heritage value, and regional identity.
• The Department of Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Development, organised a National Symposium on NAKSHA and LandStack at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
• The Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) is slated to be renamed Seva Teerth.
• Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport, Delhi has been recognised as India’s first water-positive airport among airports handling over 40 million passengers annually
• India inaugurated the 18th Plenary Meeting of the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes in New Delhi, held from 2–5 December 2025.
• The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has signed an MoU with Reliance Jio to introduce a new mobile-based highway safety alert system for travellers
• The Indian men’s hockey team won the silver medal at the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025 held in Malaysia
• World Soil Day 2025 is observed on 5 December to raise awareness about the importance of healthy soil and sustainable soil management.
• International Volunteer Day 2025, also known as International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development 2025, is observed globally on 5 December.

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